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W.H. Semester 2 Vocabulary
W.H. Semester 2 Vocabulary
75
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6th Grade
05/19/2015

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Term
 Intermediary Directions
Definition

North west, north east, south west, south east 

Term
 Romulus and Reamus
Definition

1.      Mythical founders of Ancient Rome

Term
 Social Contract
Definition
People give up some freedom in exchange for protection from the government
Term
A.D. 
Definition

  Anno Domini (In the year of our lord) Modern Times

Term
Amendment
Definition

    A change to the U.S. Constitution

Term
B.C.E.
Definition

Before the Common Era, Ancient Times

Term
Boston Massacre
Definition

  A conflict between British soldiers and colonists where many colonists were killed 

Term
Boston Tea Party
Definition

  An event where colonists threw British imported tea into the Boston Harbor to protest the high tax on tea

Term
C.E. 
Definition
Common Era, Modern Times
Term
Cardinal Directions
Definition
Four main directions, North, East, South, West
Term
Carthaginians
Definition

1.      People from the country of Carthage in Northern Africa

Term
Century
Definition
100 years
Term
Charter
Definition

    A written grant by a country's ruler, by which an institution such as a company, college, city, or colony is created and its rights and privileges defined

Term
Checks and Balances
Definition

     A principle of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches

Term
Civics
Definition
The study of the rights and duties of citizenship 
Term
Colony
Definition

     A body of people living in a new territory but retaining ties with the parent state

 

Term
Common Sense
Definition

  A pamphlet published by Thomas Paine who encouraged the colonists to break away from England

Term
Congress
Definition

The part of government responsible for making federal laws, comprised of the House of Representatives and the Senate

Term
Consuls
Definition

1.      One of two elected officials who ruled the Roman Republic

Term
Continent
Definition

 Large land mass, 7 in total

Term
Decade
Definition
10 years
Term
Declaration of Independence
Definition

 The document that split the colonies from England and started the United States of America

Term
Democracy
Definition

  A form of government where people share power 

Term
Dictator
Definition

1.      A ruler who takes power by force. Also called a tyrant

Term
Emperor Constantine
Definition

1.      Roman emperor responsible for spreading Christianity 

Term
Enlightenment
Definition

A time of philosophy after the Renaissance that emphasized reason and individualism rather than tradition. Major players were Locke, Hobbes, Roseau, Montesquieu, and Descartes

Term
Eon
Definition

 The Longest amount of time

Term
Epoch
Definition

 A A section of time, usually longer than a century. Several make up an era.


Term
Era
Definition
Time Period
Term
Executive Branch
Definition

1.      A part of the U.S. government made of the President and their cabinet of advisors

Term
Federalism 
Definition
A system of government with separate levels of government, state and national
Term
Feudalism
Definition

1.      Medieval social structure that benefitted kings and nobles

Term
Gaul
Definition
Modern day France, people from Gaul are called Gauls
Term
Hannibal
Definition
A Carthaginian general who surprised the Romans by taking war elephants over the Alps
Term
House of Representatives
Definition

The “lower house” of Congress, states get a certain amount of representatives based on their population, 435 members

Term
Intolerable Acts
Definition

   The American Patriots' name for a series of punishing laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea party

Term
John Locke
Definition
English Philosopher that believed humans were born with certain natural rights
Term
Judicial Branch
Definition

 A part of the U.S. government made of the Supreme Court

Term
Latitude
Definition

 Imaginary horizontal lines on a map that measure temperature

Term
Legislative Branch
Definition

 A part of the U.S. government made of Congress

Term
Leviathan
Definition

 Thomas Hobbes’ ideal government, a harsh and absolute ruler

Term
Longitude
Definition

  Imaginary vertical lines on a map that measure time

Term
Magistrate
Definition
A judge 
Term
Magna Carta
Definition

   The first document that limited a king’s power and emphasized rule of law

Term
Mayflower Compact
Definition

  A governing document that the pilgrims created which bound them to living in a civil society 

Term
Medieval Times/ Middle Ages/ Dark Ages
Definition
The time period from the fall of Rome (476 CE) to the Renaissance  (15th c CE) in Europe
Term
Middle Passage
Definition
The horrific sea journey made by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies
Term
Patricians
Definition

The wealthy, ruling class of Ancient Rome, 5% of the population

Term
Pax Romana
Definition
A 200 year of peace under Roman Rule 
Term
Period
Definition

1.    A section of time that includes an important event

Term
B.C.
Definition
Before Christ, Ancient Times
Term
Plebeians
Definition

1.      Middle and lower class citizens of Ancient Rome, 95% of the population

Term
Popular Sovereignty
Definition

 Rule by the people

Term
Primary Source: 
Definition

Information from the event, like a diary or eyewitness report

 

Term
Punic Wars
Definition

1.      A series of wars between Romans(people of Rome) and Carthaginians

Term
Renaissance
Definition

 cultural rebirth, where classical ideas reemerged and art, science, and philosophy flourished. From 15thc CE to Mid 18thc CE 

Term
Republic
Definition

1.      A form of government where the power is held by the people and their elected representatives 

Term
Republican
Definition

1.      A person who believes in the republic style of government

Term
Rule of Law
Definition

 A concept that those who govern are bound by the laws; no one is above the law

Term
Scale
Definition

1.      A ratio which compares a measurement on a map to the actual distance between locations identified on the map

Term
Secondary Source
Definition

  Something that interprets primary sources, like a newspaper

Term
Senate
Definition

  The “upper house” of Congress, each state gets two members, 100 members

Term
Senators
Definition

  A member of the Roman Senate

Term
Serfs
Definition
Medieval peasants
Term
Slavery
Definition

 The practice or system of owning slaves 

Term
Sovereign
Definition

The absolute power in the land

Term
State of Nature
Definition

 Absolute chaos and complete freedom

Term
Supreme Court
Definition
The highest court of the United States; it sits at the top of the federal court system
Term
The Alps
Definition

1.      A mountain range on the Northeastern boundary of Italy 

Term
Thomas Hobbes
Definition

English Philosopher that believed humans needed an absolute ruler 

Term
Triangular Trade
Definition

The trade route from Africa to the Americas to Europe and back to Africa on which slaves and goods were traded

Term
Tribunals
Definition
Elected officials that represent the Plebeians
Term
Twelve Tables/ Tablets
Definition

1.      The first written Roman Laws, written down so that Patricians could not change them at will 

Term
Vassals
Definition
Medieval merchantswho worked for and protected nobles 
Term
Veto
Definition
To reject 
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