Term
| Disorders of the immune system are |
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Definition
| A result of over reacting or under reacting |
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Term
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Definition
| An over reaction of an immune response against a foreign antigen |
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Term
| Types of hypersensitivity |
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Definition
Type I - Immediate
Type II - Cytotoxic
Type III - Immune complex mediated
Type Iv - Delayed or cell mediated |
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Term
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Definition
Immediate, develops in seconds/minutes
localized or systemic
releases inflammatory molecules
an allergy |
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Term
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Definition
| IgE is the antigen for parasites and allergies |
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Term
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Definition
Antigen presenting cell engulfs allergen
Antigen is exposed to Th2 cell
Th2 cell releases cytokine IL-4
IL-4 activates B-cell
B-cell creates plasma cells
Plasma cells secrete antibody IgE
Fc(crystalized) portion of IgE binds to mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils. |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammatory chemical from granules |
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Term
| Histamines, kinins, proteases, leukotrienes, and prostaglandis are released by |
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Definition
degranulation,
Released from Basophils and mast cells |
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Term
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Definition
derived from stem cells in bone marrow
are NOT WBC |
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Term
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Definition
least amount of WBC
releases chemicals through degranulation |
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Definition
| dialates blood vessels, tears, mucous |
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Definition
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Definition
| degrades proteins, activates complement proteins |
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Definition
| inflammation, vascular permeability |
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Definition
| contracts and relaxes smooth muscle |
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Definition
fight parasitic worms
release leukotrines(increase vascular permeability, and muscle contraction) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
test for high levels of IgE
skin test (small allergen injections) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| counteract inflammatory mediators |
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Term
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Definition
| Cytotoxic, results when cells are destroyed by an immune response |
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Term
| two examples of Type II hypersensitivity |
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Definition
Blood transfusion
Destruction of fetal rbc's |
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Term
| If woman is Rh- First pregnancy anit RH antibody |
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Definition
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Term
| If woman is Rh - Second pregnancy anti Rh antibody |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| anti Rh immunoglobin given to women after pregnancy to prevent hemolitic disease |
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Term
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Definition
| formed by drug molecules haptens bind to blood cells or platelets acting like an antigen and stimulate the production of antibodies |
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Term
| Immune thrombocytopenic purpura |
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Definition
drug molecules bind to platelets/cells forms a complex
complex triggers an immune respoonse
antibodies bind to drug molecules
complement proteins bind to antibodies
complement proteins release MAC membrane attack complex which lyse platelet |
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Term
| Type III hypersensitivity |
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Definition
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Term
| Type III localized reaction |
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Definition
Hypersensitivity pneumontitis - causes pneumonia
Glomerulonephritis - immune complexes deposited in glomerulus which compromises kidney function |
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Term
| Type III systemic reactions |
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Definition
Systemic lupus erythematosus - affects multiple organs, immune system destroys "self" antigens
* Rhematoid arthritis - B-cells secrete IgM, IgM binds to IgG forming complexes, IgM-IgG complex deposited in joints causing inflammation, destroys cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| Delayed or cell mediated, antigens contact with skin causing inflammation 12-24 hours LATER |
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Term
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Definition
Tuberculin test - reaction to test days later
Allergic dermatitis - irritating skin rash
*Graph rejection - recetion of tissue or organs |
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Term
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Definition
| genetically identicle sibling or clone graft |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Same species but different member(person) |
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Term
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Definition
| graft from different species. ie. pig heart valves to human heart |
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Term
| Type IV graft vs host disease |
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Definition
differ MHC class I - grafted T-cells attack recipient
differ MHC class II - grafted T-cells attack host APC |
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Term
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Definition
| stop graft vs host disease |
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Term
| Classes of immunosuppressive drugs |
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Definition
glucocorticoids - steroids, supress T-cell antigens
cytotoxic drug - block cellular reproduction9prevents b-cell, t-cell cloning)
cyclosporine - prevents production of interleukins, clocks Th1
lymphocyte delpeting threapy - antiserum against lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
when an individual makes autoantibodies or cytotoxic t-cells against normal body function.
More common in women than men |
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Term
| Systemic autoimmune disease |
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Definition
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Term
| Single organ autoimmune diseases |
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Definition
hemolytic anemia - produce antibodies against own rbc's
Type I diabeties mellitus - dont produce insuline
Graves disease - disorder of thyroid gland
Multiple sclerosis - cell mediated degeneration of myelin sheath
Rhematoid arthritis - complexes in joints affect connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
primary - genetic defect
aquired - later in life |
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Term
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Definition
chronic granulomatous -inability of phagocytes to kill antigens
severe combined immuno disease - (SCID) stem cells, b cells, t cells dont produce
DiGeorge syndrome - t cell deficiency, thymus doesnt develope
Bruton type agammaglobulinemia - b cell defeciency, cant produce ummunoglobulins |
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Term
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Definition
stress- excess corticosteroids
malnutrition - inhibits production b cells, t cells
AIDS - low CD4 cells, presence of HIV |
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