Term
| -Normal hosts (survival depends on replication of the host) |
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Definition
| What are frank pathogens? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What is it called when the baby drinks the colostrums? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What is it called when antigens bind with antibodies and form insoluble complexes? |
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Term
| -infection occurring during hospital stay |
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Definition
| What are nosocromial infections? |
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Term
-Surgical sites
-Urinary tract
-Upper respiratory tract
-Lower GI |
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Definition
| What are the most common places nosocromial infections attacks? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What microorganism is the most resistant to disinfectants? |
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Term
| -Infection is incubating before hospital visit. May present signs during hospital stay. |
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Definition
| What is community acquired? |
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Term
Zoonotic diseases including:
-Anthrax
-Systemic mycosis
-Plague |
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Definition
| What type of disease pathogens is not isolated? |
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Term
| Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. |
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Definition
| What does ELISA stand for? |
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Term
| -Applies light to specimen at an oblique angle. Background is black. |
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Definition
| What is dark field microscopy? |
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|
Term
| Most common in vet med, Slide 42 in notes |
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Definition
| What is bright field or light field microscopy? |
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Term
-Round (Cocci)
-Bacilli (rods)
-Spiralkete (Spiral) |
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Definition
| What are the three shapes of bacteria and what are they called? |
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Term
-Adhere to host
-Enter the host
-Avoid host defense mechanisms
-Multiply and spread in the host
-Damage the host |
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Definition
| Name 2 traits of a pathogen. |
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|
Term
| -3.5-3.8 billion years ago. |
|
Definition
| How long ago did bacteria emerge? |
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|
Term
-Sterilization of equipment, kennels, and surfaces after use
-Isolation
-Proper use of antibiotic drugs
-Hand washing
-Trash disposal
-Housekeeping
-Immunization programs (viral) |
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Definition
| How do we prevent nosocromial infections? |
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|
Term
-Penicillin resistent
-Staph
-Strep |
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Definition
| What is the most common pathogen in a hospital that causes nosocrmical infections with low/ limited usage of antibiotics? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What is it called when there is a rearrangement of genes? |
|
|
Term
| A change in a single base pair. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What test is used to diagnose leptosperosis? |
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Term
-Concentration of chemicals
-Length of exposure to chemical
-Amount of organic material
-Type and condition of material
-Ambient temperature
-Nature and number of contaminating microorganisms. |
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Definition
| Name three factors affecting disinfection |
|
|
Term
-OSHA
-EPA
-State regulations |
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Definition
| Who must we be in compliance with decontamination responsibilities? |
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Term
| -Proteins that react with antigen/ antibody complexes. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What stain is used to determine the bacterial cell wall? |
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Term
| Amies transport medium with charcoal. |
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Definition
| Give an example for aerobic bacteria transport system |
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Term
|
Definition
| What is the best way to collect anaerobic bacteria? |
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Term
| Before antibiotics are given. |
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Definition
| What is the best time to set up cultures? |
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Term
| To get a specimen that best represents the disease process. |
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Definition
| What is the goal in specimen collection? |
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Term
| -Making millions of copies of DNA and RNA. |
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Definition
| What is gene amplification? |
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Term
Isolate culture
-Identify the isolated organisms |
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Definition
| What is the traditional approach to agent identification? |
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Term
|
Definition
| True or False, The traditional approach is always the best. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Talking about challenges of entering the host: When crossing the skin it is difficult for ________ easy for __________. |
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Term
| hosts with compromised immune systems. Once immune system is suppressed they strike. |
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Definition
| What are opportunistic pathogens? |
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|
Term
-Source of the specimen
-Species of patient
-Clinical history |
|
Definition
| When you are processing a sample, what should be considered during evaluation? |
|
|
Term
-Types of microorganisms
-Number of microorganisms
-Type of host inflammatory response |
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Definition
| Direct microscopic examinations provide information about what? |
|
|
Term
-New methylene blue
-Wrights stain
-Giesma |
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Definition
| What other stains can be used to see cell morphology besides Gram stains? |
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Term
| -increased morbidity and mortality from bacteremia and other common disease. Mother’s antibodies were not passed in colostrum. |
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Definition
| What is failure of passive transfer? |
|
|
Term
| Used to detect bacterial or fungal antigens. |
|
Definition
| What is rapid latex agglutination used for? |
|
|
Term
| vegetative bacterial cells. |
|
Definition
| What are the least resistant bacteria to disinfectants? |
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