Term
| How many cervical vertebrae in the spine? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many thoracic vertebrae in the spine? |
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Definition
| 12... ribs are attached here |
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Term
| How many lumbar vertebrae in the spine? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many sacrum vertebrae in the spine? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many coccyx vertebrae in the spine? |
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Definition
| 2-4 individual or partly fused |
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Term
| What are the three things needed to produce sound/ phonation? |
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Definition
| power supply, oscillation, and amplification |
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Term
| what does oscillation do? |
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Definition
| Breaks up air steam into vibrations or pressure waves. |
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Term
| What does amplification do? |
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Definition
| gives the waves a certain quality |
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Term
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Definition
-Container for outside air
-Are elastic.
-Are moved by structures around them |
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Term
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Definition
-provides large part of movement for breath to enter the body
-its relaxation decreases the space in the lungs and forces the air out |
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Term
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Definition
-Part of body that increases and decreases size of thorax to help produce air flow
-Bottom 2 pair of floating ribs are attached only to vertebrae at the back to allow for greater flexibility |
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Term
| POWER SUPPLY: Intercostal muscles |
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Definition
| raise and lower the ribcage (along with diaphragm) contributing to the movement of air in and out of lungs |
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Term
| POWER SUPPLY: Abdominal muscles |
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Definition
| With diaphragm, are part of the "support" structure for breath and phonation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tube between mouth/ pharynx and lungs through which air passes in and out of lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Larynx is attached to hyoid bone and hangs suspended below it |
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Term
| What is in the POWER SUPPLY? |
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Definition
| Lungs, Diaphragm, Rib, Intercostal muscles, Abdominal muscles, Trachea, Hyoid bone |
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Term
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Definition
-Where vibration for voice is created
-Contains the vocal folds that vibrate |
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Term
| OSCILLATOR: Vocal Folds/ phonation |
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Definition
-Higher pitches= faster vibration... created by stretching and elongating vocal folds; tauter and thinner
-Lower pitches= slower vibrations... bunching and thickening of folds, lessen tautness |
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Term
| What is in the OSCILLATOR? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Passage for air and food until splits and becomes trachea adn esophagus.
-Amplification tube for sound vibrations |
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Term
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Definition
Soft palate
-raises to close off passage to nose for vowel sounds
-lowers to allow air to escape through nose, as in: humming, nasal sounds (m, n, ng) |
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Term
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Definition
| space between vocal folds |
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Term
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Definition
| Cartilage flap that folds down to cover vocal folds when swallowing. |
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Term
| What influences the voice directly or indirectly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the larynx do as the pitch ascends and descends? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another term for the power source? |
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Definition
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Term
| As the glottis closes, opens, and alters shape what happens to its air resistance? |
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Definition
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Term
| When someone has to compensate for their support system by what? |
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Definition
| overworking their laryngeal muscles |
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Term
| What happens when one overworks the laryngeal muscles? |
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Definition
| causes vocal fold nodules. |
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Term
| What do singers use to compensate for poor acoustics, loud instruments, or crowd noises that interfere with the auditory feedback |
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Definition
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Term
| What determines vocal intensity or loudness? |
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Definition
| depends on the vocal fold vibrations that excite the air in the tract |
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Term
| raising air pressure does what? |
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Definition
| increase the amplitude of vibrations. |
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Term
| What is pressed phonation? |
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Definition
| increase air pressure and resistance |
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Term
| What is breathy phonation? |
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Definition
| when the vocal folds do not make contact and the glottis becomes inefficient |
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Term
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Definition
| low airstream pressure and low adductory force, which increase the intensity of the fundamental frequency and makes the voice louder. |
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Term
| Voice therapy helps patients learn: |
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Definition
-how to use the vocal tract appropriately
-how to maintain correct levels of moisture and mucus in the tract
-how to mitigate the effects of smoke and other hazards in the environment |
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Term
| What is the best preventive medicine of voice problems? |
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Definition
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