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| A prediction regarding the outcome of a study involving the potential relationship bewtween at least 2 variables |
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| An event or behavior that has at least 2 values |
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| An organized system of assumptions and principles that attempts to explain certain phenomena and how they are related |
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| A person who questions the validity, authenticity, or truth of something puporting to be factual |
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| Making observations in a systematic manner to test hypotheses and refute or develop a theory |
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| Publicly Verifiable Knowledge |
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| Presenting research to the public so that it can be observed, replicated, criticized, and tested |
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| Empirically Solvable Problems |
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| Questions that are potentially answerable by means of currently available reserach techniques |
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| Principle of falsifiability |
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| The idea that a scientific theory must be stated in such a way that it is possible to refute or disconfirm it |
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| Claims that appear to be scientific but that actually violate the criteria of science |
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| The study of psychological issues to seek knowledge for its own sake |
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| The study of psychological issues that have practical significance and potential solutions |
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| Carefully observing behavior in order to describe it |
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| Identifying the factors that indicate when an event or events will occur |
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| Identifying the causes that determine when and why a behavior occurs |
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| Making observations of human or animal behavior |
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| Observing the behavior of humans or animals in their natural habitat |
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| Observing the behavior of humans or animals in a more contrived and controlled situation, usually the laboratory |
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| An in-depth study of one or more individuals |
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| Questioning individuals on a topic or topics and then describing their responses |
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| The group of people who participate in a study |
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| All of the people about whom a study is meant to generalize |
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| A sample achieved through random selection in which each member of the population in equally likely to be chosen |
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| A method that assesses the degree of relationship between two variables |
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| A relationship between 2 variables in which an increase in one variable is accompanied by an increase in the other variable |
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| A relationship between 2 variables in which an increase in one variable is accopmanied by a decrease in the other variable |
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| Quasi-Experimental Method |
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| Research that compares naturally occuring groups of individuals; the variable of interest cannot be manipulated |
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| Participant (Subject) Variable |
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| A characteristic inherent in the participants that cannot be changed |
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| The idea that it is possible that some other, uncontrolled, extraneous variable may be responsible for the observed relationship |
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| A research method that allows a reseracher to establish a cause-and-effect relationship through manipulation of a variable and control of the situation |
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| The variable in a study that is manipulated by the researcher |
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| The variable in a study that is measured by the researcher |
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| The group of participants that does not receive any level of the independent variable and serves as the baseline in a study |
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| The group of participants that receives some level of the independent variable |
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| Assigning participants to conditions in such a way that every participant has an equal probability of being placed in any condition |
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| Manipulating the independent variable in an experiment or any other extraneous variables that could affect the results of a study |
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| Class Interval Frequency Distribution |
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| Measure of Central Tendency |
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| Positively Skewed Distribution |
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| Negatively Skewed Distribution |
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| Standard Normal Distribution |
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