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Vocabulary
Chapters 4-6
286
Language - Spanish
Undergraduate 2
12/07/2007
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Term
la amenzana
 Definition
threat
Term
el analfabetismo
 Definition
illiteracy
Term
la apatia
 Definition
apathy
Term
colaborar (con)
 Definition
to help; work with
Term
desarrollar
 Definition
to develop
Term
donar
 Definition
to donate
Term
elegir
 Definition
to elect
Term
enterarse (de)
 Definition
to become informed (about)
Term
financiar
 Definition
to finance
Term
hacer de voluntario
 Definition
to volunteer
Term
llevar a cabo
 Definition
to carry out
Term
postularse
 Definition
to run for office
Term
promover (ue)
 Definition
to promote
Term
respetar
 Definition
to respect
Term
salvar
 Definition
to save (someone, something)
Term
valer la pena
 Definition
to be worth it
Term
la alimentacion
 Definition
nourishment
Term
el bienestar
 Definition
well-being
Term
la campana
 Definition
campaign
Term
el/la ciudadano/a
 Definition
citizen
Term
la diversidad
 Definition
diversity
Term
el esfuerzo
 Definition
effort
Term
la inversion
 Definition
investment
Term
el/la lider
 Definition
leader
Term
la lucha
 Definition
fight; struggle
Term
la paz
 Definition
peace
Term
la politica
 Definition
politics; policy
Term
los recursos
 Definition
resources
Term
la tolerancia
 Definition
tolerance
Term
el tratamiento
 Definition
treatment
Term
alarmante
 Definition
alarming
Term
chocante
 Definition
shocking
Term
desafiante
 Definition
challenging
Term
desilusionante
 Definition
disappointing
Term
horripilante
 Definition
horrifying
Term
impresionante
 Definition
impressive
Term
inquietante
 Definition
disturbing
Term
el Amazonas
 Definition
the Amazon (region)
Term
el/la campesino/a
 Definition
peasant
Term
el chaman
 Definition
shaman, medicine man
Term
la creencia
 Definition
belief
Term
el/la criollo/a
 Definition
person of Spanish descent in the Americas
Term
el discrimen
 Definition
discrimation
Term
la explotacion
 Definition
exploitation
Term
la fuerza
 Definition
strength
Term
la guerrilla
 Definition
guerrilla warfare/movement
Term
los guerrilleros
 Definition
guerrilla fighters
Term
el habitante
 Definition
inhabitants
Term
el maltrato
 Definition
mistreatment
Term
el mestizaje
 Definition
cultural, ethnic, and racial blending
Term
el/la mestizo/a
 Definition
person of mixed Spanish and indigenous heritage
Term
el poder
 Definition
power
Term
el pueblo
 Definition
town;people
Term
la presion
 Definition
pressure
Term
el resentimiento
 Definition
resentment
Term
la sierra
 Definition
highlands
Term
la soberania
 Definition
sovereignty
Term
la tribu
 Definition
tribe
Term
aportar
 Definition
to contribute
Term
resistir
 Definition
to resist
Term
sobrevivir
 Definition
to survive
Term
sufrir
 Definition
to suffer
Term
temer
 Definition
to fear
Term
actual
 Definition
current
Term
alentador(a)
 Definition
encouraging
Term
amazonico/a
 Definition
pertaining to the Amazon
Term
andino/a
 Definition
Andean
Term
conmovedor(a)
 Definition
moving
Term
dirigente
 Definition
ruling
Term
excluido/a
 Definition
excluded
Term
marginado/a
 Definition
marginalized
Term
poderoso/a
 Definition
powerful
Term
popular
 Definition
popular; pertaining to the common people
Term
adivinar
 Definition
to guess, divine
Term
alcanzar
 Definition
to reach, attain
Term
avanzar
 Definition
advance
Term
curar
 Definition
to cure
Term
eliminar
 Definition
to eliminate
Term
enriquecer
 Definition
to enrich
Term
impactar
 Definition
to impact
Term
predecir
 Definition
to predict
Term
preguntarse
 Definition
to wonder; ask oneself
Term
reemplazar
 Definition
to replace
Term
sobrevivir
 Definition
to survive
Term
asombroso/a
 Definition
astonishing
Term
desastroso/a
 Definition
disastrous
Term
disponible
 Definition
available
Term
inesperado/a
 Definition
unexpected
Term
ingenioso/a
 Definition
ingenious
Term
inimaginable
 Definition
unimaginable
Term
inminente
 Definition
imminent
Term
innovador(a)
 Definition
innovative
Term
insalubre
 Definition
unhealthy
Term
intrigante
 Definition
intriguing
Term
milagroso/a
 Definition
miraculous
Term
pacifico/a
 Definition
peaceful
Term
poderoso/a
 Definition
powerful
Term
polemico/a
 Definition
controversial
Term
provechoso/a
 Definition
helpful, beneficial
Term
la basura
 Definition
garbage
Term
el bosque lluvioso
 Definition
rain forest
Term
la contaminacion
 Definition
pollution
Term
el crecimiento
 Definition
growth
Term
la deforestacion
 Definition
deforestation
Term
el desastre natural
 Definition
natural disaster
Term
el huracan
 Definition
hurricane
Term
la inundacion
 Definition
flood
Term
el maremoto
 Definition
tidal wave
Term
la sequia
 Definition
drought
Term
el terremoto
 Definition
earthquake
Term
el tornado
 Definition
tornado
Term
el reciclaje
 Definition
recycling
Term
la sobrepoblacion
 Definition
overpopulation
Term
al aparato
 Definition
device
Term
el avance
 Definition
advance
Term
la brecha digital
 Definition
digital (information) gap
Term
la informatica
 Definition
computer science
Term
la novedad
 Definition
new development
Term
el teletrabajo
 Definition
telecommuting
Term
asegurar
 Definition
to assure
Term
beneficiar
 Definition
to benefit
Term
convivir
 Definition
to live with
Term
depender (de)
 Definition
to depend
Term
encontrar caminos
 Definition
to find paths, ways
Term
erradicar
 Definition
to erradicate
Term
fomentar
 Definition
to promote, foster
Term
ganarse la vida
 Definition
to earn a living
Term
garantizar
 Definition
to guarantee
Term
invertir
 Definition
to invest
Term
proveer
 Definition
to provide
Term
recaudar fondos
 Definition
to raise money
Term
rescatar
 Definition
to rescue
Term
subestimar
 Definition
to underestimate
Term
tomar conciencia
 Definition
to take notice
Term
el capital
 Definition
(economic) capital
Term
la codicia
 Definition
greed
Term
el comercio justo
 Definition
fair trade
Term
la conciencia
 Definition
consciousness
Term
el consumismo
 Definition
consumerism
Term
el desarrollo sostenible
 Definition
sustainable development
Term
la desigualdad
 Definition
inequality
Term
la elite
 Definition
elite
Term
el enriquecimiento
 Definition
enrichment
Term
el/la filantropo/a
 Definition
philanthropist
Term
la frontera
 Definition
border
Term
la globalizacion
 Definition
globalization
Term
el ingreso
 Definition
income
Term
la iniciativa
 Definition
initiative
Term
la inversion
 Definition
investment
Term
la mano de obra
 Definition
labor
Term
la Organizacion de Naciones Unidas (ONU)
 Definition
United Nations
Term
la prioridad
 Definition
priority
Term
el reconocimiento
 Definition
recognition
Term
la supervivencia
 Definition
survival
Term
el trato
 Definition
treatment
Term
agricola
 Definition
agricultural
Term
artesanal
 Definition
artisan
Term
a corto plazo
 Definition
in the short run
Term
a largo plazo
 Definition
in the long run
Term
capacitado/a
 Definition
trained
Term
codicioso/a
 Definition
greedy
Term
consciente
 Definition
conscious
Term
cotidiano/a
 Definition
daily
Term
corrupto/a
 Definition
corrupt
Term
filantropico/a
 Definition
philanthropic
Term
justo/a
 Definition
just; fair
Term
sin fines de lucro
 Definition
nonprofit
Term
verbs como gustar
 Definition
aburrir, asustar, caer bien/mal, convenir, dar asco, dar ganas de, disgustar, encantar, fascinar, fastidiar, importar, interesar, molestar, preocupar, sorprender, etc.
Term
direct object pronouns
 Definition
me, te, lo/la, nos, los/las
Term
indirect object pronouns
 Definition
me, te, le, nos, les
Term
aprovechar(se) de
 Definition
to take advantage of
Term
aumentar
 Definition
to increase
Term
desvelarse
 Definition
to stay awake all night
Term
disminuir
 Definition
to decrease
Term
madrugar
 Definition
to get up early
Term
mejorar
 Definition
to improve (make better)
Term
ponerse al dia
 Definition
to catch up
Term
posponer
 Definition
to postpone
Term
realizar
 Definition
to accomplish, fulfill (a goal)
Term
tener exito
 Definition
to be successful
Term
trabajar como una mula
 Definition
to work like a dog
Term
agobiado/a
 Definition
overwhelmed
Term
agotado/a
 Definition
exhausted
Term
angustiado/a
 Definition
distressed
Term
desanimado/a
 Definition
bummed
Term
animado
 Definition
in good spirits
Term
descansado/a
 Definition
rested
Term
dispuesto/a
 Definition
willing (to)
Term
entusiasmado/a
 Definition
enthusiastic
Term
estresado/a
 Definition
stressed (out)
Term
harto/a
 Definition
fed up
Term
hasta las narices
 Definition
fed up to here
Term
quemado/a
 Definition
burned out
Term
relajado/a
 Definition
relaxed
Term
renovado/a
 Definition
renewed
Term
satisfecho/a
 Definition
satisfied
Term
tenso/a
 Definition
tense
Term
aliviar
 Definition
to relieve
Term
charlar
 Definition
to chat
Term
cargar las pilas
 Definition
charge one's batteries
Term
disfrutar de
 Definition
to enjoy
Term
entretener(se)
 Definition
to entertain (oneself)
Term
estar de buen/mal humor
 Definition
to be in a good/bad mood
Term
pasarlo bien/mal
 Definition
to have a good/bad time
Term
relajarse
 Definition
to relax
Term
reunirse (me reuno) (con)
 Definition
to get together (with)
Term
tener mucha marcha
 Definition
to have a lively social scene
Term
bromear
 Definition
to joke around
Term
levantar el animo
 Definition
to lift the spirits
Term
reirse (me rio) a carcajadas
 Definition
to laugh out loud
Term
sonreir (like reir)
 Definition
to smile =]
Term
tomarle el pelo a alguien
 Definition
to pull someone's leg
Term
la broma
 Definition
practical joke
Term
el chiste
 Definition
joke
Term
la risa
 Definition
laughter
Term
chistoso/a
 Definition
funny
Term
comiquisimo/a
 Definition
hilarious
Term
entretenido/a
 Definition
entertaining
Term
de mal gusto
 Definition
in poor taste
Term
el/la aguafiestas
 Definition
party pooper
Term
el bienestar
 Definition
well-being
Term
el chisme
 Definition
gossip
Term
el espectaculo
 Definition
show/performance
Term
la madrugada
 Definition
early morning
Term
los ratos libres
 Definition
free time
Term
la resaca
 Definition
hangover
Term
el recreo
 Definition
recreation
Term
!que lo pase bien!
!que se divierta!
 Definition
Have a good time!
Term
?como lo paso?

Lo pase muy bien/de maravilla/fatal
 Definition
How was it? Did you have a good time?

I had a great time/a blast/a terrible time.
Term
el ambiente
 Definition
atmosphere
Term
convivencia
 Definition
coexistance
Term
la costumbre
 Definition
custom
Term
la diversidad
 Definition
diversity
Term
la nostalgia
 Definition
nostalgia
Term
el ritual
 Definition
ritual
Term
acostumbrarse
 Definition
to become accustomed to
Term
consolar (ue)
 Definition
to comfort
Term
experimentar
 Definition
to experience
Term
extranar
 Definition
to miss(someone or something)
Term
huir
 Definition
to flee
Term
inmigrar
 Definition
to immigrate
Term
pertenecer
 Definition
to belong
Term
proveer
 Definition
to provide
Term
recrear
 Definition
to recreate
Term
el barrio
 Definition
neighborhood
Term
la costa
 Definition
coast
Term
el desierto
 Definition
desert
Term
el espacio
 Definition
space
Term
el paisaje
 Definition
landscape
Term
la pampa
 Definition
grassy plains
Term
la apatia
 Definition
apathy
Term
el analfabetismo
 Definition
illiteracy
Term
los derechos humanos
 Definition
human rights
Term
la desnutricion
 Definition
malnutrition
Term
la explotacion
 Definition
exploitation
Term
la genta indigena
 Definition
indigenous people
Term
la guerra
 Definition
war
Term
el hambre (pero, mucho hambre)
 Definition
hunger
Term
la huelga
 Definition
strike
Term
la injusticia
 Definition
injustice
Term
la manifestacion
 Definition
demonstration
Term
el narcotrafico
 Definition
drug traffic/trafficking
Term
la pobreza
 Definition
poverty
Term
la polemica
 Definition
controversy
Term
el prejuicio
 Definition
prejudice
Term
el secuestro
 Definition
kidnapping/hijacking
Term
el SIDA
 Definition
AIDS
Term
el subdesarrollo
 Definition
underdevelopment
Term
el terrorismo
 Definition
terrorism
Term
afrontar
 Definition
to confront
Term
brindar
 Definition
to offer
Term
Uses of ser
 Definition
1. to express inherent characteristics
2. with de to indicate origin
3. with de to indicate possession.
4. to indicate time and date.
5. to indicate where an event takes place
Term
Uses of estar
 Definition
1. to express the location of a physical entity
2. to express a condition, such as health, mental state, or a change from the perceived norm.
3. to form the progressive
Term
Comparaciones of equality
 Definition
1. tan+adjective+como
2. tan+adjective+como
3. tanto/a/as/os+noun+como
4. verb+tanto como
Term
Comparaciones of inequality
 Definition
1. mas/menos+adjective,adverb,or noun+que
2. verb+mas/menos+que
3. mas de/menos de+number
Term
Present Subjunctive
 Definition
Formed by dropping the -o from regular present tense first person singular indicative forms, then adding -e endings to -ar verbs and -a endings to -er/-ir verbs.
Term
Past subjunctive
 Definition
Formed by dropping the -ron from the third -person plural preterite form and replacing it with endings that include -ra.
Term
Subjunctive in noun clauses
 Definition
1. recommendations
2. requests
3. willing/wish
4. doubt or denial
5. hopes
Term
Preterite (regular)
 Definition
Endings (examples)
AR:hable, hablaste, hablo, hablamos, hablaron
ER:comi, comiste, comio, comimos, comieron
IR:vivi, viviste, vivio, vivimos, vivieron
Term
Preterite uses
 Definition
When actions are finished in the past
Term
Imperfect (regular)
 Definition
AR: hablaba, hablabas, hablaba, hablabamos, hablaban
ER:comia, comias, comia, comiamos, comian
IR:vivia, vivias, vivia, viviamos, vivias
Term
There are only three irregular verbs in the imperfect.
 Definition
IR: iba, ibas, iba, ibamos, iban
SER: era, eras, era, eramos, eran
VER: veia, veias, veia, veiamos, veian
Term
Uses of the Imperfect
 Definition
Actions progressing in the past, background descriptions, etc.
Term
Conditional
 Definition
Formed by adding the conditional endings to the entire infinitive of the verb.

Ex. Viajaria, viajarias, viajaria, viajariamos, viajarian.
Term
Conditional (use of)
 Definition
I would go, I would speak, etc.
Term
Future
 Definition
Formed by adding future endings to the infinitive for regular forms.

Ex. Hablare, hablaras, hablara, hablaremos, hablaran. (with accents)
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