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Vocabulary
Transcription/Translation
20
Biology
10th Grade
04/04/2014

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Term
Transcription
Definition
Using RNA Polymerarse, DNA is copied to RNA
Term
Translation 
Definition
When mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.
Term
Codon
Definition
GAACTTAGC=CTTGAATCG
Term
mRNA
Definition
Generates/passes genetic information from DNA to the ribosome
Term
Anticodon
Definition
To transfer RNA from the opposite strand, to a codon in the mRNA 
Term
tRNA
Definition
Takes amino acids to the ribosome to be turned into proteins
Term
Ribosome
Definition

To translate genetic codes/information, then reproduce/replicate proteins

Term
Amino Acid
Definition
Building blocks for proteins
Term
Uracil
Definition
In the chain of nucleic acid of RNA is shown by A,G,C,U.
Term
Base pairing
Definition
 Adenine-Thymine & Guanine-Cytosine and adenine-uracil is DNA and guanine-cytosine in RNA 
Term
Protein
Definition
The amino acid leftovers in a protein, and it is a supportter for cell replication
Term
Nucleus
Definition
The brain and control center of any living organelle.
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
is a liquid that fills the cytoplasm, to help it keep its shape and to keep the cells in their place, without it the cells would deflate.
Term
3 differences between DNA and RNA
Definition

DNA is double-stranded

RNA is single-stranded.
 

DNAs sugar is Deoxyribose

RNAs sugar is Ribose
 

DNA has a nitrogenous base called Thymine

RNA has a nitrogenous base called  Uracil. 

 

 

Term
Purpose of transcription
Definition
Is to produce protein
Term
Purpose of Translation
Definition
To make protein
Term
Product of Transcription
Definition
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
Term
Product of Translation
Definition
Proteins
Term
Mutation
Definition
To change the form of a gene
Term
Nucleotides
Definition
Building blocks for DNA and RNA
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