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| pictures or drawings that represent a word or idea |
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| animal bones or shells used by the Shang kings to communicate with the gods |
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| ancient Chinese belief that a good ruler had the god's approval |
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| wall built by Shi Huangdi to link smaller walls and keep invaders out of China |
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| pattern of the rise and fall of dynasties in China |
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| family or group that rules for several generations |
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| respect for one's parents and ancestors, an important teaching of Confucianism |
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| Chines belief system said to have begun with Laozi, a philosopher in the 500s B.C. based on the idea of natural order in the world |
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| belief system based on the teachings of Confucius, a Chinese scholar |
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| logical study of basic truths about knowledge, values, and the world |
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| belief that a powerful, efficient government and a strict legal system are the keys to social order |
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| chinese ruler who came to power in 221 B.C. and unified and expanded China by ending internal battles and conquering rival states |
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| overland trade routes along which silk and other Chinese goods passed to Mesopotamia and Europe |
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| involving the continents of Europe and Asia |
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| Chinese dynasty begun by Liu Bang who reunified China |
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| system of departments and agencies that carry out the work of a government |
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| religion that began in India and is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama |
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| spread of cultural practices and customs to other areas of the world |
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