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Vocabulary - Chapters 1/2
Vocabulary terms for Chapters 1 and 2 from the book.
19
Environmental Studies
9th Grade
01/10/2012

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Term
Environmentally Sustainable Society
Definition
Society that satisfies the basic needs of its people without depleting or degrading its natural resources
Term
Natural Capital/Natural Resources
Definition
Earth's natural materials and processes that sustain other species and us
Term
Exponential Growth
Definition
Growth in which some quantity increases by a fixed percentage of the whole in a given time period
Term
Doubling Time
Definition
Time it takes for the quantity of something growing exponentially to double
Term
Rule of 70
Definition
Doubling time (in years) =
70/percentage growth rate
Term
Economic Growth
Definition
Increase in capacity to provide people with goods and services produced by an economy
Term
Economic Development
Definition
Improvement of living standards by economic growth
Term
GNI (Gross National Income)
Definition
Total market value in current dollars of all goods and services produced WITHIN AND OUTSIDE a country during a year
Term
GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
Definition
Total market value in current dollars of all goods and services produced WITHIN a country
Term
GWP (Gross World Product)
Definition
Market value in current dollars of all goods and services produced in the WORLD each year
Term
Per Capita GNI
Definition
Annual gross national income of a country divided by its total population
Term
Developed Countries
Definition
Country that is highly industrialized and has a high per capita GNP
Term
Developing Countries
Definition
Country has low-moderate industrialization and low to moderate per capita GNP
Term
Ecological Footprint
Definition
Measure of the ecological impact of the consumption of wood/food/products/resources, use of buildings/roads/garbage dumps, and destruction of forests
Term
Globalization
Definition
Broad process of global social/economic/environmental change that leads to an increasingly similar and integrated world
Term
Ecological Resources
Definition
Earth's natural materials and processes that sustain other species and us
Term
Economic Resources
Definition
Natural resources, capital goods, and labor used in an economy to produce material goods and services
Term
Perpetual Resources
Definition
Essentially inexhaustible resource on a human time scale (Example: Solar Energy)
Term
Environmental Degradation
Definition
Depletion or destruction of a potentially renewable resource that is used faster than it is naturally replenished
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