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Vocab
Vocab
31
Environmental Studies
10th Grade
05/04/2010

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Cards

Term
Sulfur Dioxides
Definition
A group of compounds that are a major category of air pollutants and are a primary factor in the production of acid precipitation
Term
Chlorofluorocarbons
Definition
Synthetic organic molecules that contain one or more of both chlorine an fluorine atoms and that are known to cause ozone destruction
Term
Catalytic converter
Definition
the device used by U.S. automobile manufacturers to reduce the amount of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in a car's exhaust
Term
Air Toxins
Definition
A category of air pollutants which are present at low concentrations, but are of concern because they often are carcinogenic
Term
Nitrous Oxide
Definition
A group of compounds that are a major category of air pollutants and are a primary factor in the production of acid precipitation.
Term
Pathogen
Definition
An organism that is capable of causing disease, It is usually microscopic in size.
Term
Pathogen
Definition
An organism that is capable of causing disease, It is usually microscopic in size.
Term
Heavy Metal
Definition
Any of the high-atomic-weight metals, such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and zinc. All may be serious pollutants in water or soil because they are toxic in relatively low concentrations and they tend to bioaccumulate
Term
Radon
Definition
A radioactive gas produced by natural processes in Earth that is known to seep into buildings. It is a known carcinogen
Term
Asbestos fibers
Definition
Crystals of a natural mineral that have the form of minute strands; it is a serious health hazard in indoor space.
Term
pH
Definition
A scale used to determine the acidity or basicity of solutions or soil
Term
methane
Definition
A gas, CH4, that is the primary constituent of natural gas and is also a product of fermentation by microbes. It is one of the greenhouse gasses
Term
Ambient standards
Definition
Air quality standards determining certain levels of pollutants that should not be exceeded in order to maintain environmental and human health
Term
Photochemical Smog
Definition
The brownish hue that frequently forms on otherwise clear, sunny days over large cities with significant amounts of automobile traffic
Term
Ultraviolet radiation
Definition
radiation similar to light, but with wavelengths too short for the human eye to see. It has high energy and can easily cause the skin to burn.
Term
Sustainable Society
Definition
A group that functions in a way so as not to deplete the energy or material resources on which it depends.
Term
Chlorine cycle
Definition
In the stratosphere, a cyclical chemical process in which chlorine monoxide breaks down ozone.
Term
Asthma
Definition
Chronic disease of the respiratory system in which the air passages tighten and constrict, causing breathing difficulties; acute attacks may be life threatening
Term
Secondary air pollutant
Definition
Contaminants not released directly into the atmosphere, but formed as a result of combining with other contaminants. These include ozone, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.
Term
Aerosols
Definition
Microscopic liquid and solid particles originating from land and water surfaces and carried up into the atmosphere. They are damaging to the ozone layer.
Term
Buffer
Definition
a substance that will maintain the pH of a solution by reacting with the excess acid in the solution. Limestone naturally maintains water and soil at a near-neutral pH
Term
Primary air pollutant
Definition
contaminants released directly into the atmosphere mainly as a result of burning fuels and wastes
Term
Clean Air Act of 1970
Definition
Ammended in 1977 and 1990, the act is the foundation of US air pollution control efforts
Term
Carbon monoxide
Definition
A highly poisonous gas, the molecules of which consist of a carbon atom with one oxygen attached
Term
Volatile organic compounds
Definition
A category of major air pollutants present in the air, which include vapors from paints, gasoline, and cleaning solutions
Term
Air pollution disaster
Definition
Short-term situation in industrial cities in which intense industrial smog brings about a significant increase in human mortality.
Term
Carbon Tax
Definition
A tax levied on all fossil fuels in proportion to the amount of carbon dioxide that is released as they burn
Term
Carbon Dioxide
Definition
A natural gas in the atmosphere
Term
Carcinogenic
Definition
Having the quality of causing cancer in humans
Term
Pollutant
Definition
a substance that contaminates air, water, or soil
Term
Acid precipitation
Definition
Rain, fog, or snow that has a pH less than 5.6
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