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| the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. |
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| the process of allocating political power among a set of principles (or defined constituencies). |
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| a form of boundary delimitation (redistricting) in which electoral district or constituency boundaries are deliberately modified for electoral purposes, thereby producing a contorted or unusual shape. |
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| an electoral division of a state, entitled to send one member to the US House of Representatives. |
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| the review, monitoring, and supervision of federal agencies, programs, activities, and policy implementation. |
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| a form of obstruction in a legislature or other decision-making body whereby one attempts to delay or entirely prevent a vote on a proposal by extending a debate on that proposal. |
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| a motion or process aimed at bringing debate to a quick end. |
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| a derogatory term referring to appropriation of government spending for localized projects secured solely or primarily to bring money to a representative's district. |
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| an ad hoc joint committee of a bicameral legislature, which is appointed by, and consists of, members of both chambers to resolve disagreements on a particular bill. |
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| permanent legislative panels established by the United States House of Representatives and United States Senate rules. |
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| a United States federal law that monitors the activities and power of labor unions. |
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| a congressional committee appointed to perform a special function that is beyond the authority or capacity of a standing committee. |
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| a legislative maneuver in federal lawmaking that allows the President to indirectly veto a bill. |
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| the power of an executive to nullify or cancel specific provisions of a bill, usually budget appropriations, without vetoing the entire legislative package. |
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| a term used to describe processes that attempt to classify disparate entities into a small number of categories (usually, mutually exclusive ones). |
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| a means of bringing a bill out of committee and to the floor for consideration without a report from a Committee and usually without cooperation of the leadership. |
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| second in line for succession to the presidency. |
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| the second-highest-ranking official of the United States Senate and the highest-ranking senator. |
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| the leader of the majority party in a legislature, as in the U.S. Senate or House of Representatives. |
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| the leader of the minority party in a legislature, as in the U.S. Senate or House of Representatives. |
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| an act of the legislature declaring a person or group of persons guilty of some crime and punishing them without benefit of a trial. |
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| a law that retroactively changes the legal consequences (or status) of actions committed or relationships that existed prior to the enactment of the law. |
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