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Vocab Chap. 4
Words for chapter 4
31
Physiology
12th Grade
10/11/2012

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Term

Sensation

Definition
the process of receiving information from the environment.
Term

 

Perception

Definition
the process of assembling and organiszing sensory information to make it meaningful
Term
White light
Definition
Light as it originates from the sun or a bulb before it is broken into different frequencies
Term
Cornea
Definition
The clear outer covering of the eye, behind which is a fluid
Term

Iris

Definition
A colored circular muscle that opens and closes, forming larger and smaller circles to control the amount of light getting into the eye.
Term

lens

 

Definition
The part of the eye that focuses an object on the back of the eye
Term
pupil
Definition
the opening in the eye
Term
retina
Definition
the back of the eye which contains millions of reseptors for light
Term
Blind spot
Definition
the portion of the retine through which optic nerve exists and were there are no reseptors for light waves
Term
Rod
Definition

A visual receptor most sensitive to the violet-purple wavelengths; very sensitive for night vision; “sees”only black and white

Term
Cone
Definition
a visual receptor that responds during daylight; receives color
Term
colorblindness
Definition
inability to perceive certain colors, such as red and green
Term
afterimage
Definition

The firing of the cones not used after viewing something steadily in order to bring the visual system back in balance

Term
audition
Definition
thesense of hearing
Term
pitch
Definition
how high or low
Term
timbre
Definition
complexity of sound
Term
intensity
Definition
how loud a sound is
Term
decibels
Definition
a measure of how loud a sound is
Term

Eardrum: 

Definition
A piece of skin stretched over the entrance to the ear; vibrates to sound.
Term

Cochlea:

Definition
A snail-shaped part of the ear, filled with fluid and small hairs that vibrate to incoming sound
Term

Hair Cells:

Definition
Receptor cells for hearing and sense of smell; found in the cochlea and the nasal cavity
Term
auditory Nerve:
Definition
Bundle of nerves carrying sound to the brain
Term

Cutaneous Receptors:

Definition
The nerve receptors in the skin that respond to pressure, temperature, or pain
Term

Olfaction: 

Definition
The sense of smell
Term

Olfactory Bulbs:

Definition
Units that receive odor
Term

Binocular Disparity: 

Definition
The difference between the image provided by each eye. When the images are brought together in the brain they provide a sense of depth.
Term

Gestalt: 

Definition
Organized while, shape or form
Term

Illusion:

Definition
An inaccurate perception
Term

Muller-Lyer Illusion: 

Definition
Two pictures in which one line seem longer than the other but really isn’t
Term

Reversible Figure:

Definition
An illusion in which the same object is seen as two alternating figures- first on, then other.
Term

Subliminal Perception:

Definition
Stimulation presented below the level of consciousness.
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