Faith

As defined in Fowler’s theory of faith development, a generic feature of the human search for meaning that provides a centering orientation from which to live one’s life. May or may not be based in religious expression

Faith stages

Distinct levels of faith development, each with particular characteristics, emerging strengths, and

potential dangers. Fowler identifies seven faith stages in his theory of faith development

First Force therapies

Therapies based on dynamic theories of human behavior, with the prime concern on repression and solving instinctual conflicts by developing insights

Four quadrants

From Wilber’s integral theory, the four most important dimensions of existence; the upper-left quadrant represents the interior of individuals, or the subjective aspects of consciousness or awareness; the upper-right quadrant represents the exterior of individuals, including the objective biological and behavioral aspects; the lower-left quadrant represents the interior of collectives, or the values, meanings, worldviews, and ethics that are shared by groups of individuals; the lower-right quadrant represents the exterior, material dimensions of collectives, including social systems and the environment

Fourth Force therapies

Therapies that specifically target the spiritual dimension, focusing on helping the person let go of ego attachments and transcend the self through various spiritually based practices

Fulcrum

In Wilber’s full-spectrum model of consciousness, a specific turning point in development, where the person must go through a three-step process of fusion/differentiation/integration in order to move from one level of consciousness to another

Ideology

The dominant ideas within a culture about the way things are and should work, derived from a group’s social, economic, and political interests

Levels of consciousness

From Wilber’s integral theory, overall stages of awareness and being; moving from the prepersonal to the personal and transpersonal phases, each with multiple levels of development

Lines of consciousness

From Wilber’s integral theory, the approximately two dozen relatively independent developmental lines or streams that can evolve at different rates, with different dynamics, and on different time schedules; examples: cognitive, moral, interpersonal, self-identity, and socioemotional capacity

Religion

A systematic set of beliefs, practices, and traditions experienced within a particular social institution over time

Second Force therapies

Therapies based on behavioral theories; they focus on learned habits and seek to remove symptoms through various processes of direct learning

Self-system

In Wilber’s full-spectrum model of consciousness, the active self or person who moves through the stages of consciousness and mediates between the basic and transitional structures of development

Spirituality

: A search for purpose, meaning, and connection between oneself, other people, the universe, and the ultimate reality, which can be experienced within either a religious or a nonreligious framework

States of consciousness

From Wilber’s integral theory, an understanding of experience that includes both ordinary (waking, sleeping, and dreaming) and nonordinary experiences (peak experiences, religious experiences, altered state, and meditative or contemplative states)

Transpersonal approach

An approach to human behavior that includes levels of consciousness or spiritual development that move beyond rational-individuated personal personhood to a sense of self that transcends the mind/body ego-a self identity

Ultimate environment

: Conceptualizations of the highest level of reality, understood differently by persons at various levels of spiritual development or consciousness