Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Vitamins
Chapter 10 & 11
14
Nutrition
Graduate
03/31/2014

Additional Nutrition Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Thiamin aka B1

Definition

Deficiency Disease: Beriberi

 

Deficiency Symtoms: Enlarged heart, cardiac failure, suscle weakness, apathy, short term memory loss, confusion, irritability, anorexia, weight loss. 

 

Toxicity: none reported.

 

Source: whole grains, fortified, or enriched grain products. 

Term
Riboflavin
Definition

Deficiency Disease: Ariboflavinosis

 

Deficiency Symptoms: Sore throat, cracks and redness at corners of mouth, painful purpleish tongue, inflammation characteriexed by skin lesions covered with greasy scales. 

 

Toxicity: none reported.

 

Source: Milk products, whole grain, fortified, or enriched grain products. 

Term

Niacin

Definition

Deficiency Disease: Pellegra

Deficiency Symptoms: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, inflammed, swollen, red tongue, depression, apathy, fatigue, loss of memory, headache, bilateral symmetrical rash on areas exposed to sunlight. 

 

Toxicity: Painful flush, hives, and rash, nausea and vomiting, liver damage, and impared glucose tolerance. 

 

Source: Milk, eggs, meat, pultry, fish, whole grains, nuts

Term
Biotin
Definition

Deficiency Disease: none found

 

Deficiency Symptoms: Depression, lethargy, hallucinations, numb or tingling sensation in the arms and legs, red scaly rash around the eyes, nose, and mouth, hair loss. 

 

Toxicity: none

 

Sources: Liver, egg yolks, soy beans, fish, whole grains

Term
Pantothenic Acid
Definition

Deficiency Disease: None Found


Deficiency Symptoms: comiting, nausea, stomach cramps, insomnia, fatigue, depression, irritability, restlessness, apathy, hypoglycemia, increased sensitivity to insulin, numbness, muscle cramps, inability to walk. 


Toxicity: none reported


Source: Chicken, beef, potatoes, oats, tomatoes, liver, egg yolk, broccoli, whole grains. 

Term
Vitamin B6 aka pridoxine, pyridoxamine, and pyridoxal
Definition

Deficiency Disease: none found


Deficiency Symptoms: scaly dermatitis, anemia, depression, confusion, and convulsions


Toxicity: depression, fatigue, irritability, headaches, skin lesions, nerve damage causing dumbness and muscle weakness leading to an inability to walk and convulsions


Source: Meats, fish, putrty, potatoes, legumes, noncitrus fruits, fotified cereals, liver, soy

Term
Folate aka folic acid, floacin, pteroylglutamic acid (PGA)
Definition

Deficiency Disease: none found


Deficiency Symptoms: anemia, smooth red tongue, mental confusion, weakness, fatigue, irritability, headache, shortness of breath, elevated homosysteine


Toxicity: Masks vitamin B12 


Source: fortified grains, leafy greans, legumes, seeds, liver

Term
Vitamin B12 aka cobalamin
Definition

Deficiency Disease: pernicious anemia


Deficiency Symptoms: anemia, fatigue, degeneration of peripheral nerves progressing to paralysis, sore tongue, loss of appetite, constipation


Toxicity: none reported


Source: meat, fish, poultry, shellfish, milk , cheese, eggs, fortified cereals.

Term
Choline
Definition

Deficiency Disease: none


Deficiency Symptoms: liver damage


Toxicity: body odor, sweating, salivation, reduced growth rate, low blood pressure, liver damage.


Source: Milk, eggs, liver, peanuts

Term
Vitamin C aka Ascorbic acid
Definition

Deficiency Disease:  scurvy


Deficiency Symptoms: anemia, atherosclerotic plaques, pinpoint hemorrhages, bone fragility, joint pain, poor wound healing, frequent infections, bleeding gums, loosened teeth, muscle degeneration and pain, hysteria, depression, rough skin, blotchy bruises.


Toxicity: Nausea, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, insomnia, hot flashes, rashes, interference with medical tests, aggravation of gout symptoms, urinary tract problems, kidney stones. 


Source:  citrus fruits, cabbage, brussels sprouts, couliflower, dark green vegetables, cantaloupe, strawberries, lettuce, tomaties, potatoes, papayas, mangoes.

Term
Vitamin A aka retinol, retinal, retinoic acid
Definition

Deficiency Disease: Hypovitaminosis A


Deficiency Symptoms: night blindness, corneal drying, Bitot's spots, softening of the cornea, and corneal degeneration and blindness.  Impared immunity, plugging of hair follicies with keratin, forming white lumps. 


Toxicity: reduced bone density, liver abnormalties, birth defects, blurred vision, nausea, comiting, bertigo, increase of pressure inside skull, mimicking brain tumor, headaches, muscle incoordination. 


Source: fortified milk, cheese, cream, butter, fortified margarine, eggs, liver

Term
Vitamin D aka calciferol
Definition

Deficiency Disease: Rickets and Osteoporosis


Deficiency Symptoms: Rickets: misshapen bones, enlargement of ends of long bones, defored ribs, delated closing of frontanel, lax muscles, muschle spasms. 

Osteoporosis: soft, flexible, brittle, and deformed bones, progressive weakness, pain in pelvis, lower back, and legs. 


Toxicity: Elevated blood calcium, calcification of soft tissues


Source: fortified milk, margarine, butter, juices, cereals, and chocolate mixes, veal, beef, egg yolks, lifer, fatty fish

Term
Vitamin E aka alpha-tocopherol
Definition

Deficiency Disease: none


Deficiency Symptoms: red blood cell breakage, nerve damage


Toxicity: augments the effects of anticlotting medication


Source: polyunsaturated plant ois, leafy green vegetables, wheat germ, whole grains, liver, egg yolks, nuts, seeds, fatty meats

Term
Vitamin K aka phylloquinone, menaquinone, menadione, naphthoquinone
Definition

Deficiency Disease: none


Deficiency Symptoms: Hemorrhaging


Toxicity: none known


Source: liver, leafy green vegetables, cabbage like vegetables, milk

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