Term
| vitamin A (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid) |
|
Definition
required for ability of eyes to adjust in changes of light
protects color vision
healthy bones
healthy immune system |
|
|
Term
| Vitamin D (cholecakiferol) |
|
Definition
Regulates blood calcium levels
Maintains bone health |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antioxidant that protects cell membranes, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and vitamin A from oxidation
Protects white blood cells
Enhances immune function
Improves absorption of vitamin A |
|
|
Term
| Vitamin K (phylloguinone, menaguinone, menadione) |
|
Definition
| Serves as a coenzyme during production of specific proteins that assist in blood coagulated and bone metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Required as enzyme cofactor for carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| required as enzyme cofactor for carbohydrate and fat metabolism |
|
|
Term
| Niacin, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid |
|
Definition
Required for carbohydrate and fat metabolism
Plays role in DNA replication and repair and cell differentiation |
|
|
Term
| Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine (vitamin B6) |
|
Definition
Required as enzyme cofactor for carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism
Assists synthesis of blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Required as enzyme cofactor for amino acid metabolism
Required for DNA synthesis
Involved in metabolism of homocysteine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assists with formation of blood
Required for healthy nervous system function
Involved as enzyme cofactor in metabolism of homocysteine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Assists with fat metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involved as enzyme cofactor in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism |
|
|
Term
| Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) |
|
Definition
Antioxidant in extracellular fluid and lungs
Regenerates oxidized vitamin E
Assists with collagen synthesis
Enhances immune function
Assists in synthesis of hormones, neurotransmitters, and DNA
Enhances iron absorption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fluid balance
Acid-base balance
Transmission of nerve impulses
Muscle contractions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fluid balance
Transmission of nerve impulses
Muscle contraction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fluid balance
Bone formation
Component of ATP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fluid balance
Transmission of nerve impulses
Component of stomach acid (HCl)
Antibacterial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Primary component of bone
Acid-base balance
Transmission of nerve impulses
Muscle contractions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Component of bone
Muscle contraction
Assists more than 300 enzyme systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Component of certain B-vitamins and amino acids
Acid-base balance
Detoxification in liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Required for carbohydrate and fat metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Development and maintenance of healthy teeth and bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Synthesis of thyroid hormones
Temperature regulation
Reproduction and growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Glucose transport
Metabolism of DNA and RNA
Immune function and growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assists many enzyme systems
Synthesis of protein found in bone and cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Component of hemoglobin in blood cells
Component of myoglobin in muscle cells
Assists many enzyme systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assists more than 100 enzyme systems
Immune system function
Growth and sexual maturation
Gene regulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assists many enzyme systems
Iron transport |
|
|
