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Vital Signs NRSG 110
Vital Signs
64
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
09/16/2015

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Cards

Term
Afebrile
Definition
A condition in wich the body temperature is not elelvated.
Term
Apnea
Definition
Absence of breathing.
Term
Bell of Stethoscope
Definition
Hollowed, upright, curved poertioin used to auscultate low-pitched sounds, such as murmurs.
Term
Blood Pressure
Definition
Force of blood against arterial walls.
Term
Bradycardia
Definition
Slow Heart Rate
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
Large, flat disk on the stethoscope used to auscultate high-pitched sounds, such as respiratory sounds.
Term
Diastolic Pressure
Definition
Least amount of pressure exerted on arterial walls, which occurs when the heart is at rest between ventricular contractions.
Term
Dyspnea
Definition
Difficult or labored breathing.
Term
Dysrhythmia
Definition
Abnormal cardiac rhythm; synonym is arrhythmia.
Term
Eupnea
Definition
Normal respirations.
Term
Expiration
Definition
Act of breathing out; synonym i exhalation.
Term
Febrile
Definition
Condition in which the body temperature is elevated.
Term
Hyperprexia
Definition
High Fever, above 105.8
Term
Hypertension
Definition
Blood pressure elevated above the upper limit of normal.
Term
Hypotension
Definition
Blood pressure below the lower limit of normal.
Term
Hypothermia
Definition
Body temperature below the lower limit of normal.
Term
Inspiration
Definition
Act of breathing in;synonym is inhalation.
Term
Korotkoff Sounds
Definition
Series of sounds that correspond to changes in blood flow through an artery as pressure is released.
Term
Orthopnea
Definition
Type of dyspnea in which breathing is easier when the patient sits or stands.
Term
Orthostatic Hypotension
Definition
Temporary Fall in Blood Pressure associated with assuming an upright position; synonym for postural hypotension.
Term
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Definition
Equipment and supplies necessary to minimize or prevent exposure to infectious material, including gloves, gowns, masks, and protective eye gear.
Term
Pulse Pressure
Definition
Difference beween systolic and diastolic pressures.
Term
Pyrexia
Definition
Elevation above the upper limit of normal body temperature; synonym for fever.
Term
Respiration
Definition
Act of breathing and using oxygen in body cells.
Term
Systolic Pressure
Definition
Highest point of pressure on arterial walls when the ventricles contract.
Term
Tachycardia
Definition
Rapid Heart Rate
Term
Tachypnea
Definition
Abnormally rapid rate of breathing.
Term
Vital Signs
Definition
Body Temperature, Pulse, and Respiratory rate. Blood Pressure; synonym for cardinal signs. Also Pulse Oximetry and the fifth vital sign Pain.
Term
Children and Infant Fear Factor
Definition
Crying when getting blood pressure checked. Save for last and let the child touch equipment. Turn into game.
Term
Rectal Temperatures Warnings
Definition

Contraindicated in newborns, children with diarrhea and in patients who have undergone rectal surgery or have a disease of the rectum.

(Rectal temperatures can stimulate the vagal nerve or perforate the rectal wall.)

Term
Diffusion vs. Perfusion
Definition

Diffusion:

Exchange of O2 and CO2 in alveoli and circulation blood.

Perfusion:

Exchange of O2 and CO2 between Blood and circulating tissue cells.

Think: Perfusion in peripheral blood.

Term
Eupnea
Definition
Smooth and effortless breathing.
Term
Breathing Rate Effected by:
Definition

Opoid Medications and CNS Depressents

Acid Base Balance

Brain Lesions

Inter-cranial Pressure Increase

Term
High Pitch Sounds
Definition
Regular heart noises, Pulse
Term
Low Pitch Sounds
Definition
Swooshing, Brewies, Murmurs
Term

Primary Hypertension (Essential)

vs.

Secondary Hyperstension

Definition

Primary Hypertension is of unknown cause.

Secondary Hypertension is caused by another disease such as kidney failure.

Term
Blood Pressure Differences
Definition

Systolic Blood Pressure is 10-40mmHg higher at Popliteal Artery.

Left and Right Appendages can be different.

Term
Modifible vs. Non-modifible
Definition
Modifible are changable, non-modifible are genetic or other risk factors.
Term
FUO (Fever of Unknown Orgin)
Definition
Fever of 38.3C or 101F for 3 weeks or more.
Term
Anasarka
Definition

Dangerous widespread Edema.

Usually on the trunk or back.

Term
Ecchymosis
Definition

Collection of blood in subcutaneous tissues (purplish discoloration.)

 

Term
Petechiae
Definition
Small hemorrhagic spots causes by capillary bleeding.
Term
Purpura
Definition
Lots of petechiae causing a large purple area.
Term

Erthema

vs.

Jaundice

Definition

Erthema is redness of the skin. Often seen in face and neck.

 

Jaundice is yellow color of skin resulting from liver or gullbladder disease.

Term
Macule
Definition

Lesion < or = 1cm

Non-palpable change in color.

Term
Patch
Definition

Lesion >1cm

Non-palpable change in color.

Term
Papule
Definition

Mass < or = 0.5cm

 

Term
Phlebitus
Definition

Inflamation of a vein, usually a superficial vein.

(Needlesticks from Drug Addicts)

Term
Bruite
Definition
Sound made by  turbulent blood flow in the carotid artery.
Term
Resonant
Definition

Percussion Sound

Clear Hollow

(Lungs)

Term
Hyperesonant
Definition

Percussion Sound

Boooming

(Over-inflated Lungs)

Term
Tympany
Definition

Percussion Sound

Drumlike

(Stomach, Intestines)

Term
Dull
Definition

Percussion Sound

Muffled Thud

(Liver, Spleen, Dense Organs)

Term
Flat
Definition

Percussion Sound

Dead Stop of Sound

(Bone, Tumor, Muscle)

Term
Brawny
Definition
Vascular pooling that stains the skin darker.
Term
Jugular Vein Distension
Definition
Jugular vein reduces in size when head is elevated.
Term
Excursion
Definition
Process of the checking the lungs for equal expansion by cradling them with your hands from the back.
Term
Tactile Fremitus
Definition
Process of having the patient say 99 while palpating the back over the lungs from top to bottom. The feeling should diminish has you reach the lower lung.
Term
Hematopoiesis
Definition
Production of RBC's, WBC's, and platelets by bone.
Term
Diarthroses
Definition
Joint that facilitates maximum articulation and movement.
Term
Hyposysis
Definition
Increased Conductivity in the Spine.
Term
Pyloerection
Definition

(Goosebumps)

Nervous system method of reducing heat.

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