Term
| Normal Core Body Temperature |
|
Definition
97F- 99.5F
or
36.1C-37.5C |
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|
Term
| Normal Oral/Ear Temperature compared to core |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Normal Axillary Temperature compared to Core |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| 3 Aspects of Pulse Interpretation |
|
Definition
Rate/rhythm
Contour
Amplitude |
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Term
| Normal adult respiration rate |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Normal children's respiration rate |
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Definition
| Generally higher than adult rate, up to 20 CPM |
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Term
| Using a blood pressure cuff that is too small will have what effect on the reading |
|
Definition
| Too small=falsely high reading |
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|
Term
| At approx what rate should the blood pressure cuff be deflated? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What indicates the diastolic pressure? |
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Definition
| The disappearance of sound |
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|
Term
| What indicates the systolic pressure |
|
Definition
| The first beat heard is systolic |
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Term
| 4 pieces of information included in recording of blood pressure |
|
Definition
Systolic/diastolic in mmHg
Time of reading
Arm used
Patient Position (supine or sitting) |
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|
Term
| These thermometer readings are the most accurate reflections of core reading (location) |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| temperature change in early viral infections |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| temperature change associated with cancer |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| 4 characteristics when evaluating skin color |
|
Definition
Cyanosis
Jaundice
Pallor
Pigmentation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Drainage of fluid from tissue
Absorption/Transport of fat from GI
Defense mechanism |
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|
Term
| Name the 10 chains of lymph nodes |
|
Definition
Occipital
Posterior Auricular
Posterior Cervical
Anterior Cervical superficial
Anterior cervical deep
Tonsillar
Submandibular
Submental
Preauricular
Supraclavicular
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Term
| Components of thyroid gland evaluation in addition to palpating |
|
Definition
Pulse rate
Temp
tremors
exophthalmometry
abnormal deep tendon reflexes
weight change |
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|
Term
Examination of the nose
components of inspecting external structures |
|
Definition
Check for
Swelling
Trauma
congenital abnormalities
symmetry
patency |
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|
Term
| Not every individual has _________ sinuses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 components of examining the sinuses |
|
Definition
Transillumination
Percussion |
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Term
| Approx how long is the external auditory canal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 8 'parts' of the anatomy of the external ear |
|
Definition
Helix
Antihelix
Triangular fossa
Concha
Antitragus
Tragus
Lobule
External Auditory Meatus |
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|
Term
| In what portion of the ear canal are sebaceous and ceruminous cells and hair |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What portion of the ear is made of bone |
|
Definition
Inner 2/3
Outer 1/3 is cartilage |
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|
Term
| Which structure forms the external border of the middle ear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the 3 bones found in the middle ear |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The Cochlea transmits sound to which nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 'forms' of hearing loss |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 4 causes of (hearing) conduction loss |
|
Definition
Cerumen Impaction
Perforation of Tympanic Membrane
Infection
Scarring |
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|
Term
| Clinical term for ear pain |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Clinical term for inflammation of the middle ear |
|
Definition
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Term
| Clinical term for discharge from the ear |
|
Definition
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Term
| Briefly describe Meniere's disease |
|
Definition
Cause unknown
Causes tinnitus, nystagmus, vertigo and vestibular problems |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 drug types known to cause tinnitus |
|
Definition
ASA
Systemic Aminoglycosides |
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|
Term
| Name 3 observations of the Tympanic Membrane that should be made upon examination of the inner ear |
|
Definition
Gray/pearly and intact
Light reflex
Bony landmarks |
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Term
| The manubrium is the arm of which of the ossicles |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Clinical term for "swimmer's ear" |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| 30-40% of acute otitis media have what type of concurrent infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are most ear infections viral or bacterial? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Otitis media with effusion is commonly associated with what other condition |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| "Cracking sound when swallowing" is a symptom of which type of infection |
|
Definition
| Otitis media with effusion |
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|
Term
| What is a 'con' of COWS testing? |
|
Definition
| Causes nausea and vomiting |
|
|
Term
| What physiological function does COWS testing test? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 3 functions that contribute to the result of the Romberg |
|
Definition
Visual system
Proprioception
Vestibular system |
|
|
Term
| How long is the Romberg Test performed for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does JOMAC stand for |
|
Definition
Judgement
Orientation
Memory
Affect
Concentration |
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|
Term
| Which part of the brain deals with emotion, drive, affect, self-awareness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which part of the brain deals with emotions, drive, affect and self-awareness |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which part of the brain deals with voluntary skeletal movements and speech formation |
|
Definition
| Frontal Motor Cortex (with Broca's) |
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|
Term
| Which part of the brain helps to integrate tactile sensations, visual, gustartory, olfactory and auditory sensations |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which part of the brain deals with comprehension of written word, recognition of body parts and proprioception |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| When testing proprioception using the index finger, which nerve is being tested? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is one of the first senses lost with neuropathy |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which part of the brain aids the motor cortex in integration of voluntary movement |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which part of the brain processes sensory info from the eyes, ears, touch and musculoskeleton. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which part of the brain integrates info from the vestibular to control posture, balance, gait and muscle tone |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| 3 tests for examining cerebellar function |
|
Definition
Finger to nose
Heel to shin
Hand to Palm flips |
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|
Term
| How is a normal, expected deep tendon reflex graded |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Decreased tendon reflexes are associated with lesions where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 3 conditions associated with decreased reflexes |
|
Definition
peripheral neuropathy
hypothyroidism
Adie's syndrome |
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|
Term
| Name 3 conditions associated with increased tendon reflexes |
|
Definition
Brain/spinal cord injury
Hyperthyroidism
Multiple sclerosis |
|
|
Term
| Name a disease that may result in a positive glabellar reflex |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why can we not use noxious smells to test CN I |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 6 common causes of poor function of Olfactory nerve |
|
Definition
Allergy (rhinitis)
common cold
Trauma to nose
trauma to frontal lobe
frontal lobe lesion
Alzheimer dz
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|
Term
| How is the motor portion of the trigeminal tested |
|
Definition
Clench jaw
Try to pull jaw apart
Palpate cheek muscles |
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|
Term
| Name 3 parts of the face that are supplied by the ophthalmic portion of the trigeminal nerve |
|
Definition
Upper lids
Forehead
Cornea |
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|
Term
| Name 3 parts of the face supplied by the maxillary portion of the trigeminal |
|
Definition
Lateral surface of nose
cheek
lower lids |
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|
Term
| Name 3 common causes of poor function of the trigeminal |
|
Definition
Herpes simplex
Herpes zoster
Cavernous sinus lesion |
|
|
Term
| 2 common causes of poor function of the facial nerve |
|
Definition
Bell's Palsy
Acoustic Neuroma |
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|
Term
| Doing Weber test on patient with conduction loss on left side, where do you expect them to localize the sound? |
|
Definition
| Left Side (same as conduction loss) |
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|
Term
| Weber test on patient with neurological hearing loss on left side, where do you expect them to localize the sound |
|
Definition
| On the right side, the 'good ear' |
|
|
Term
Rinne test
Bone conduction
AD=13s
AS=9s
Which side do you suspect has nerve damage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sound localized to the right on Weber could indicate 2 things: |
|
Definition
1. Left side nerve damage
2. Right side conduction loss |
|
|
Term
Conduction Right Left
Bone 12 12
Air 3 10
Problem suspected? |
|
Definition
| Conduction problem on right side |
|
|
Term
Conduction Right Left
Bone 12 6
Air 8 4
What sort of problem does this represent
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Weber test-pt localizes sounds to middle of head, name 4 things this could mean
|
|
Definition
Normal
conduction Loss in both
Nerve loss in both
Conduction & nerve loss in same ear |
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|
Term
| Which portion of the tongue correlates to CN IX and X |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| a uvula leaning towards the right side indicates problems on which side? |
|
Definition
| Left side, uvula leans towards the strong/healthy side |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 muscles controlled by the Accessory Nerve |
|
Definition
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius |
|
|
Term
| 2 ways to 'test' the hypoglossal |
|
Definition
-have pt stick tongue straight out
-have pt push their tongue against their cheek while you push against their cheek with your hand |
|
|
Term
Ask pt to stick tongue out straight
Tongue deviates to the left, which side has the problem |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Where is blood flowing when you hear a murmur due to stenosis |
|
Definition
| Will hear the murmur at the blood moves through the stenotic valves |
|
|
Term
| Where is blood flowing when you hear a murmur due to regurgitation |
|
Definition
| Blood is flowing through the 'opposite' valves when you hear this murmur. |
|
|
Term
| Which valve closures form the S2 sound |
|
Definition
| Aortic and pulmonary valves |
|
|
Term
| 2 most important areas of the heart for auscultation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which part of the heart is listened to for mitral (inflow) sounds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which part of the heart is best for aortic (outflow) sounds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which heart sound is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy |
|
Definition
| the abnormal heart sound S3 |
|
|
Term
| Which heart sound is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy |
|
Definition
| the abnormal heart sound S4 |
|
|
Term
| Which heart sound occurs at the beginning of systolic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which heart sound occurs at the end of systolic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which heart sound is associated with early diastolic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which heart sound is associated with late diastolic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of vascular disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 P signs of vascular disease |
|
Definition
Pain
Pallor
Paresthesias
paralysis
Pulselessness |
|
|
Term
| When evaluating the extremities for vascular disease name 3 components of the 'observations' you should make |
|
Definition
Cyanosis
Pallor
Loss of hair on toes |
|
|
Term
| Approx what proportion of artery blockage will result in a bruit |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When examining the carotid, which do you do first palpation or auscultation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A blocked internal carotid may result in a bounding ______________ pulse |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For upper extremities in vascular evaluation we palpate the ________________ pulse and
the _______________ pulse |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 4 locations for palpation of lower extremity pulses |
|
Definition
Dorsalis pedis
Posterior tibial pulse
femoral
popliteal |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 pulse characteristics to be observed/recorded |
|
Definition
Rate
Rhythm
Amplitude
Symmetry |
|
|
Term
| Name 5 types of medication often used by ODs that can exacerbate pulmonary conditions |
|
Definition
Beta blockers
ASA
NSAIDs
Antihistamines
Narcotics |
|
|
Term
| How do antihistamines affect the pulmonary system? |
|
Definition
| Cause changes in pulmonary secretions |
|
|
Term
| How do Narcotics affect the pulmonary system |
|
Definition
| decrease respiration rate |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 drug types known to cause asthma attacks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt presents with a history of cough, name 3 details about this presentation that you should ask about |
|
Definition
Onset?
Productive?
Pattern? |
|
|
Term
| Which type of medication is known to cause a chronic dry cough |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How may the pattern of SOB be different in asthmatics compared to emphysema/chronic bronchitis |
|
Definition
Asthmatics -->variable
Emphysema/CB -->uniform cough |
|
|
Term
| How may details on how productive a cough is help you differentiate between asthma and chronic bronchitis? |
|
Definition
CB=very productive
Asthma=non-productive |
|
|
Term
Name a lung disease that causes chest pain
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 Aspects of social history to ask about when presented with possible lung issues |
|
Definition
Smoker?
Environmental exposure
exercise tolerance |
|
|
Term
You observe cyanosis in both lips and periphery
Suspect lungs or heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
You observe cyanosis in periphery but lips are well perfused
Suspect lungs or heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Auscultating for lung function
3 features of the breaths you ask your pt to take |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which side of the lungs has 3 lobes |
|
Definition
| Right side (where the heart is NOT) |
|
|
Term
| Are normal breath sounds louder on expiration or inspiration |
|
Definition
| Louder on inspiration (active process) |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 adventitious breath sounds heard more on expiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which adventitious breath sound is due to partial obstruction, usually by secretions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which adventitious breath sound is usually due to air being forced through narrow airways |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which adventitious breath sound can be cleared by a cough |
|
Definition
| Rhonchi, cough moves secretions around |
|
|
Term
Which adventitious breath sound is similar to breathing through a snorkel
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 2 adventitious breath sounds heard on either inspiration or expiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes the adventitious breath sound 'Rub'? |
|
Definition
| Inflammation of pleural sac causes rubbing against chest wall |
|
|
Term
| Which adventitious breath sound is due to fluid filling spaces and transmission of large airway noises to the periphery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which adventitious breath sound is most commonly heard on inspiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which adventitious breath sound is from pulmonary edema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what Peak Expiratory Flow Rate do you exercise caution in regards to prescribing beta blockers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Peak Expiratory Flow Rate contraindicates the use of a beta-blocker |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 Main goals of infection control |
|
Definition
Protect yourself as a healthcare provider
Protect patients from Healthcare Associated Infections |
|
|
Term
T or F
Glass slides/cover slips go into biohazard container |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ratio of bleach:water is used to disinfect exam rooms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should you assess blood glucose of your patient with diabetes |
|
Definition
| If they are unaware of their last glucose measurement or their last HbA1c measurement |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 visual symptoms/signs that indicate a blood glucose test |
|
Definition
Transient blurring
refractive changes
retinal vascular changes |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 systemic signs that indicate a blood glucose assessment |
|
Definition
Recent weight change
increased thirst
increased urination |
|
|
Term
| 4 indications for testing glucometer with control solution |
|
Definition
weekly maintenance
new vial of test strips
glucometer dropped
inconsistent results
|
|
|
Term
| What type of anesthetic is used for glucometry tests |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how may a home/office glucometry reading quantitatively compare to a lab reading |
|
Definition
| home/office readings ~15% lower than lab |
|
|
Term
| How may dehydration affect glucometry readings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 'red tape' is required before performing glucometry readings in office |
|
Definition
CLIA waiver
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments |
|
|
Term
| How do home/office glucometry readings qualitatively compare to lab readings (not quantitatively) |
|
Definition
Lab tests PLASMA glucose
Glucometers tests BLOOD glucose |
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|
