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Vital Signs
Chapter 29 Kozier and Erb
70
Nursing
Not Applicable
09/19/2011

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Term
Afebrile
Definition
A client who does not have a fever
Term
Apical pulse
Definition
A central pulse
Term
apnea
Definition
absence of breathing
Term
Arrhythmia
Definition
Pulse with an irregular rhythm
Term
Arterial blood pressure
Definition
Measure of the pressure exerted by the blood as it flows through the arteries
Term
Arteriosclerosis
Definition
a condition in which the elastic and muscular tissues of the arteries are replaced with fibrous tissue
Term
Auscultatory gap
Definition
Temporary disappearance of sounds normally heard over the brachial artery when the cuff pressure is high followed by the reappearance of the sounds at a lower lever
Term
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Definition
Rate of energy utilization in the body required to maintain essential activities such as breathing.
Term
Body temperature
Definition
Reflects the balance between heat produced and heat lost from the body 
Term
Bradycardia
Definition
A heart rate in an adult less than 60 BPM
Term
Bradypnea
Definition
Abnormally slow respirations
Term
Cardiac output (CO)
Definition
the amount of blod ejected by the heart with each ventricular contraction
Term
Compliance
Definition
The ability of the arteries to contract and expand
Term
Conduction
Definition
The transfer of heat from one molecule to a molecule of lower temperature.
Term
Constant fever
Definition
Body temerature fluctuates minimally, but always remains above normal
Term
Convection
Definition
Dispersion of heat by air currents
Term
Core temperature
Definition
Temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Term
Costal (thoracic) breathing
Definition
involves the esternal intercostal muscles and other accessory muscles
Term
Diaphragmatic (abdominal) breathing
Definition
Observed by the movement of the abdomen with contraction and downward movement with breathing
Term
Diastolic pressure
Definition
Pressure when the ventricles are at rest
Term
Dysrhythmia
Definition
Arrhythmia
Term
Exhalation
Definition
Breathing out
Term
Expiration
Definition

breathing out

(synonym: exhalation)

Term
Febrile
Definition
Client who has a fever
Term
Fever
Definition
A body temperature above the usual range
Term
Fever spike
Definition
A temperature that rises to fever level rapidly following a normal temperature, then return to normal within a few hours
Term
Heat balance
Definition
When the amount of heat produced by the body equals the amount of heat lost
Term
Heat exhaustion
Definition

A result of excessive heat and dehydration and includes a moderately increased temperature.

paleness, dizzyness, nausea, vomiting, and fainting.

Term
Heat stroke
Definition
Signs may include high temperature, warm, dry flushed skin, delirium.
Term
Hematocrit
Definition
Proportion of red blood cells to blood plasma
Term
Hyperpyrexia
Definition
A very high fever (105.8)
Term
Hypertension
Definition
Blood pressure persistently above normal
Term
Hyperthermia
Definition
Fever
Term
Hyperventilation
Definition
Very deep, rapid respirations
Term
Hypotension
Definition
A blood pressure that is below normal
Term
Hypothermia
Definition
A core body temperature below the lower limit of normal
Term
Hypoventilation
Definition
Very shallow respirations
Term
Inhalation
Definition

intake of air into the lungs

(synonym: Inspiration)

Term
Insensible heat loss
Definition
Continuous heat loss through the respiratory tract and skin
Term
Insensible water loss
Definition
Continuous and unnoticed water loss through the respiratory tract and skin
Term
Inspiration
Definition
Intake of air into the lungs
Term
Intermittent fever
Definition
Body temperature alternates at regular intervals between periods of fever and periods of normal or subnormal temperatures
Term
Korotkoff's Sounds
Definition
Sounds heard when taking a blood pressure with a stethoscope
Term
Orthostatic pressure
Definition
A blood pressure that falls when the client sits or stands
Term
Oxygen saturation (SaO2)
Definition
The precent of hemoglobin binding sites that are occupied by oxygen
Term
Peripheral pulse
Definition
A pulse located away from the heart
Term
Point of maximal impulse (PMI)
Definition
Apical pulse
Term
Pulse
Definition
A wave of blood created by contraction of the left ventricle of the heart
Term
Pulse deficit
Definition
Any discrepancy between the apical and radial pulses
Term
Pulse oximeter
Definition
A noninvasive device that estimates a client's arterial blood oxygen saturation
Term
Pulse pressure
Definition
The difference between the diastolic and systolic pressures
Term
Pulse rhythm
Definition
Pattern of the beats and intervals between the beats
Term
Pulse volume
Definition
Force of blood with each beat
Term
Pyrexia
Definition
Hyperthermia or fever
Term
Radiation
Definition
Transfer of heat from the surface of one object to the surface of another without contact between the two objects.
Term
Relapsing fever
Definition
Short febrile periods of a few days that are interspersed with periods of 1-2 days of normal temperature.
Term
Remittent fever
Definition
A wide range of temperature fluctuations occur over the 24 hour period, all of which are above normal.
Term
Respiration
Definition
The act of breathing
Term
Respiratory character
Definition
Those aspects of breathing that are different from normal
Term
Respiratory quality
Definition
effortless breathing, includes the amount of effort exerted to breathe and the sounds produced by breathing
Term
Respiratory rhythm
Definition
Regularity of the expirations and inspiration
Term
Sphygmomanometer
Definition
Indicates the pressure of the air within the bladder
Term
Surface temperature
Definition
Temperature of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fat
Term
Systolic pressure
Definition
The pressure of the blood as a result of the contraction of the ventricle
Term
Tachycardia
Definition
Excessively fast heart rate
Term
Tachypnea
Definition
Abnormally fast respirations
Term
Tidal volume
Definition
The normal volume of air taken in with respiration (500mL)
Term
Vaporization
Definition
Continuous evaporation of moisture from the respiratory tract and from the mucosa of mouth and skin
Term
Ventilation
Definition
The movement of air in and out of the lungs
Term
Vital signs
Definition
Body temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure, pain
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