Term
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Definition
| Non Living structure composed of a nucleic acid and Proteins. Conatain only a shell consisting of a protein coat and some enzymes. |
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Term
Explain the 2 virus life cycle
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Definition
Lytic Cycle: virus attaches, inject its own DNA, controls the cells machinery, synthesizes of new virus and protein, complete virusus are assembled, and host cell ruptures to allow virus to spread. Lysogenic Cycle:Same as the lyic cycle but the injected DNA incorperates itself into the cells actual DNA strand and this may stay in an individuals DNA for Generations. i.e. HIV and Herpes. |
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Term
| What are some Viral Diseases? |
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Definition
-mumps, chicken pox, measles, smallpox, yellow fever, polio, common cold, herpes, Influenza, and some types of warts |
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Term
| Explain how a Vaccine works on Viruses. |
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Definition
-may actually consist of a live virus or a killed virus -slow acting but provide a strong long lasting immunity b/c of antibodies formed from immune sys. -Best results are with attenuated viruses
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Term
| What is the difference between Passive and Active Immunity? |
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Definition
Passive: Antibodies from a previous infected person are directly given to an individual as a temporary immunity. Active: The individual produces his or hers own antibodies from a attenuated virus.
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Term
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Definition
-proteins are produced and released when the infected cell is ruptured. -This substance travels to uninfected cells and prevents the cells from becoming infected by a specific virus -Highly specific and will not work from one animal to another.
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Term
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Definition
-A particular virus once a cell is infected, that uses an enzyme reverse transcriptase to make a DNA copy of the viral DNA. This copy is then inderted into the host cell whre it may reside undetected. ex: like an undercover bad cop in the government.
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Term
| AIDS: Causes? Effects? How it works? |
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Definition
-Caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency Virus) -this virus affects the the T helper cells which may result in a complete failure in the immune system. -AIDS is a virus that is constantly mutating which is why we still have not found a cure. It fools the immune system
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Term
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Definition
-Bacterial viruses are called phages and they act to destroy bacteria by taking over the bacterial DNA to make new viruses. -bateria protect themselves from phages by using restriction enzymes and cut the viral DNA at specific site. |
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Term
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Definition
| single stranded viral RNA--> reverse transcriptase--> polymer assemble RNA broken down--> give new host DNA |
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