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| lung inflammation caused by bacterial or viral infection, in which the air sacs fill with pus and may become solid. Inflammation may affect both lungs ( double pneumonia ), one lung ( single pneumonia ), or only certain lobes ( lobar pneumonia ). |
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| a condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or of hemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness. |
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| A pleural effusion is excess fluid that accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. This excess can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs. |
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| A weakness of the heart that leads to a buildup of fluid in the lungs and surrounding body tissues. |
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| Pedal edema is the accumulation of fluid in the feet and lower legs. It is typically caused by one of two mechanisms. The first is venous edema, caused by increased capillary filtration and retention of protein-poor fluid from the venous system into the interstitial space. |
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| Atrial fibrillation, known as AF or Afib, is an irregular and often very fast heart rate. This may cause symptoms like heart palpitations, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Treating atrial fibrillation is important because it may cause a stroke and negatively impact your quality of life. |
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| denoting or relating to a valve formed of three triangular segments, particularly that between the right atrium and ventricle of the heart. |
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| the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart, consisting of two tapered cusps. |
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| a condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body. |
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| examination is a routine part of every doctor's examination of the eye, not just the ophthalmologist's. It consists exclusively of inspection. One looks through the ophthalmoscope (Figure 117.1), which is simply a light with various optical modifications, including lenses. |
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| t.i.d. (on prescription): Seen on a prescription, t.i.d. means three times a day. It is an abbreviation for "ter in die" which in Latin means three times a day. The abbreviation t.i.d. is sometimes written without a period either in lower-case letters as "tid" or in capital letters as "TID". |
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| q.h.s. every bedtime (from Latin quaque hora somni) q.i.d. four times each day (from Latin quater in die) (not deprecated, but consider using "four times a day" instead. |
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| Pro re nata is a Latin phrase meaning in the circumstances or as the circumstance arises. It is commonly used in medicine to mean as needed or as the situation arises. |
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| "Per os" (/ˌpɜːrˈoʊs/; P.O.) is an adverbial phrase meaning literally from Latin "by opening" or "by way of the opening." The expression is used in medicine to describe a treatment that is taken orally. The abbreviated P.O. is often used on medical prescriptions. |
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| Shortness of breath: Difficulty in breathing. Medically referred to as dyspnea. Shortness of breath can be caused by respiratory (breathing passages and lungs) or circulatory (heart and blood vessels) conditions and other conditions such as severe anemia or high fever. See also dyspnea. |
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| Abbreviation for complains of. |
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| An electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) is a test that checks for problems with the electrical activity of your heart. An EKG shows the heart's electrical activity as line tracings on paper. The spikes and dips in the tracings are called waves. The heart is a muscular pump made up of four chambers . |
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| A complete blood count (CBC) is a blood test used to evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of disorders, including anemia, infection and leukemia. A complete blood count test measures several components and features of your blood, including: Red blood cells, which carry oxygen. |
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| Activities of daily living (ADL) are routine activities that people tend do every day without needing assistance. There are six basic ADLs: eating, bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring (walking) and continence. |
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| Neonatal abstinence syndrome |
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