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vertebrate zoology -- Dogfish dissection
Dogfish Dissection terms
82
Biology
Undergraduate 3
03/21/2010

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Term
Appendicular Division
Definition
part of skeleton including the appendages
Term
Axial Division
Definition
part of skeleton including the skull and backbone
Term
Meckel's cartilage
Definition
more posterior ridge of cartilage in splanchnocranium
Term
Pelvic girdle and fin
Definition
the girdle and fin more posterior
Term
Precerebral cavity
Definition
cavity in the rostrum seen from the dorsal view
Term
Rostrum
Definition
part of skull that sticks out forward
Term
Testis (male)
Definition
below the liver, whitish, produces sperm, in a pair
Term
ampullae of lorenzini
Definition
pores on the ventral side of the head -- detect electrical signals
Term
anterior dorsal fin
Definition
dorsal fin on the anterior end
Term
atrium
Definition
loose sacklike thing below ventricle
Term
basal plate
Definition
flat plate on the ventral side of the chondrocranium
Term
basitrabecular process
Definition
process slightly proximal to the eye orbit, on the ventral side of the chondrocranium
Term
branchial arches
Definition
5 sets of arches on dorsal, posterior end of head -- they stick off on either side
Term
carotid foramen
Definition
two tiny holes proximal to the basitrabecular process
Term
caudal fin
Definition
tail -- larger on top than bottom
Term
cerebellum
Definition
big part of brain on top (made up of multiple parts)
Term
cerebral hemispheres
Definition
2 bulbs inside the cup formed by the rostrum--posterior to the olfactory bulbs
Term
chondrocranium
Definition
portion of skull where brain is cased
Term
clasper (on male)
Definition
on ends/insides of pectoral fins
Term
cloaca
Definition
hole where everything is pushed out (both genital and excretory)
Term
cloacal opening
Definition
hole between the claspers/pectoral fins
Term
conus arteriosus
Definition
anterior to the ventricle, controls the blood pressure going to the gills, etc
Term
ductus deferens (male)
Definition
squiggly line that runs along inside of back, part of sperm conducting tubule, also called vas deferens
Term
endolymphatic fossa
Definition
hole along the medial line, on the proximal side of the eye orbit, seen from the dorsal view
Term
endolymphatic pores
Definition
two little holes on dorsal side of the head
Term
epididymis (male)
Definition
rounded parts at the anterior end of the ductus deferens--part of sperm conducting tubule
Term
esophagus
Definition
short tube on anterior end of stomach, posterior to the pericardial cavity/pharynx
Term
excurrent aperture of naris
Definition
holes more medial in each pair of holes that make up the naris
Term
eye orbit
Definition
open area between the pre and post orbital processes
Term
foramen magnum
Definition
hole in the center seen from the posterior view of the chondrocranium -- the spinal cord goes through here
Term
gall bladder
Definition
green tissue located on medial lobe of liver (stores bile)
Term
gill rakers
Definition
they keep food from going into the gills
Term
gill rakers
Definition
protrusions inside the gill slits
Term
gill rays
Definition
small spaghetti-like things off the gill arches
Term
heart
Definition
anterior to esophagus, posterior to pharynx, in pericardial cavity
Term
hyoid arch
Definition
the arch underneath the Meckel's cartilage
Term
incurrent aperture of naris
Definition
the hole more lateral in each pair of holes that make up each naris
Term
internal gill slits
Definition
5 pairs of openings in the pharynx
Term
kidney
Definition
runs along the medial line, underneath everything else in the coelom
Term
lateral line
Definition
line along body -- senses vibrations
Term
liver
Definition
3 lobes, very long, greenish grey in color (produces bile, regulates blood sugar, aids metabolism, breaks down toxins)
Term
mandibular arch
Definition
cartilage that came from the gill arches -- includes the palatoquadrate and meckel's cartilage
Term
medula oblongata
Definition
leading back to spinal cord, controls breathing, HR, etc
Term
nares
Definition
holes on ventral side of the nose
Term
nasal capsule
Definition
two open areas distal to the preorbital process
Term
occipital condyle
Definition
processes on either side of the foramen magnum seen from the posterior view -- the first vertebrae connects here
Term
olfactory bulb
Definition
behind the lamellae
Term
optic lobe
Definition
underneath cerebellum, responsible for vision
Term
oral cavity
Definition
the inside of the mouth
Term
otic capsule
Definition
holes near the very back corners of the skull--the nerves to and from the eyes go through here
Term
ovary (female)
Definition
pair, dorsal to liver, produces eggs, released into body cavity
Term
oviduct (female)
Definition
carries eggs to uterus, usually fertilized here
Term
palatoquadrate
Definition
more anterior ridge of cartilage in splanchnocranium
Term
pancreas
Definition
whitish organ on side of the stomach to intestine connection (produces insulin, secretes enzymes)
Term
papillae
Definition
stick out inside of the esophagus
Term
pectoral fin
Definition
pair of fins on ventral side towards the middle - front of body
Term
pectoral girdle and fin
Definition
the girdle and fin more anterior
Term
pelvic fin
Definition
fin on ventral side at the dorsal end (have claspers on the end in males)
Term
pericardial cavity
Definition
cavity where heart is located, anterior part of the coelom
Term
pharyngeal slits
Definition
5 slits on either side of the head
Term
pharynx
Definition
cavity beyond the mouth
Term
placoid scales
Definition
scales unique to sharks
Term
posterior dorsal fin
Definition
dorsal fin on posterior end
Term
postorbital process
Definition
the process on the more proximal side of the eye orbit
Term
preorbital process
Definition
the process on the more distal side of the eye orbit
Term
rostral fenestrae
Definition
holes through the skull on both sides of the keel -- seen from both the dorsal and ventral views
Term
rostral keel
Definition
The keel on the ventral side of the rostrum
Term
rugae
Definition
folds inside the stomach wall which allow the stomach to expand further
Term
seminal vesicle (male)
Definition
posterior end of the deferens, tubule is going straight rather than squiggly here
Term
sinus venosus
Definition
tube leading to the atrium--located below it
Term
sperm sac (male)
Definition
2 sacs under cloacal area
Term
spinal cord
Definition
runs down middle from the medula oblongata
Term
spiracle
Definition
hole on either side of head
Term
spiracle (inside)
Definition
holes anterior to the branchial arches on the inside of the pharynx
Term
spiral valve
Definition
spiral inside of the small intestine, can be seen from the outside, allow more surface area so the intestine can be shorter
Term
splanchocranium
Definition
posterior portion of the cranium
Term
spleen
Definition
blackish organ posterior to stomach (produces white blood cells, destroys old red blood cells, stores blood)
Term
stomach
Definition
whitish organ in center of coelom, where food is first processed
Term
teeth
Definition
modified placoid scales lining the jaw
Term
uterus (female)
Definition
caudal portion of the oviduct (enlarged)
Term
ventricle
Definition
most protruding part of heart--produces the pressure to move blood around
Term
vertebral column
Definition
column of vertebrae down the medial line
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