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| Descent with modification |
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Definition
Change overtime within a species.
Shift in geno/phenotypes within a population |
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| From one generation to the next |
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| Process by which new species arise through a branching event |
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| Branching event or splitting of a lineage |
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Definition
| Principles and practice of ordering diversity for information storage and retrieval |
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Definition
| study of biological diversity and its origins |
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Definition
| Groups representing evolutionary progress or degree of adaptation |
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| Seeks to recognize only natural groups that include an ancestor and all decedents |
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| Branching diagram (trees) to show hypothesis of relationships among Taxa |
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Definition
| Tips of branches (taxa of interest) |
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| lineage of interbreeding organisms |
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| Divergence or speciation event: hypothetical MRCA |
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Definition
| taxa that shares a MRCA (most recent common ancestor) |
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Definition
| group consisting of an ancestor and ALL of the ancestors decedents |
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| Group consisting of an ancestor and some but not all of its descendants |
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| group consisting of a taxa without reference to their common ancestor |
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| unresolved relationships (not enough information) (3 branches on one clase) |
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Definition
| ancestral character inherited from a distant (not most recent) ancestor |
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Definition
| derived (new) character in a taxon inherited from most recent ancestor |
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Definition
| shared derived character found in more than one taxon |
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| Derived character found in only 1 taxon (unique) |
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| similarities shared as a result of common ancestry (inherited from common ancestor) |
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Definition
(analogy; convergence) similarities that evolved independently, usually because of similar funtion, habitat..
Bat wing vs bird wing
Hedgehog vs porcupine |
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Definition
the simplest answer is preferred
(phylogeny with the fewest number of steps) |
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Definition
List of characters by which we recognize membership in a group
(provides standard for communication) |
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Definition
| MRCA of A and B and all if its descendants |
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| Extant members of a monophyletic group, their MRCA and all descendants |
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Term
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Definition
Freezing
Desiccation
Trapped in Resin
Asphalt impregnation
Carbonization
Concretion |
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Term
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Definition
| Replacement by mineralizing solution |
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Term
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Definition
Freezing
Desication
Trapped in Resin
Asphalt impregnation
Carbonization
Concretion |
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Term
| Replacement by mineralizing solutions |
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Definition
rock is porous
Fluid passes through pored
Original skeleton is replaced |
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Definition
| Minerals deposited in the pores of skeleton (original materials not toally replaced) |
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Definition
Original materials restructed itself in place into a new mineral
(big crysta) destroy details) |
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Definition
| Tracks, trails, burrows, gastroliths and borings |
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Term
| Exceptional preservation bias |
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Definition
bias towards hard preservation
soft tissue doesnt do well |
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Term
| Exceptional preservation needs: |
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Definition
rapid burial
fine grained sediments
anoxic conditions
no alterations of the rock |
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Definition
| study of the process of preservation and how they affect information in the fossil record |
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| Radiometric (numerical) dating |
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Definition
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Definition
| "this fossil is older than that" |
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Definition
| used to reconstruct chronology of events at one location |
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| oldest beds at the base and youngest beds at the top |
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Term
| First Appearance Datum (FAD) |
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Definition
| First (lowest) occurrence of extinct species |
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Term
| Last Appearance Datum (LAD) |
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Definition
| Last (highest) occurrence of extinct species |
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| Principle of Fossil Correlation |
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Definition
| Similar assemblages of fossils assumed to be of the same age, therefore the rock layer in which thet are deposited must be the same |
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| muscular, fluid filled locomotion and suspension feeding |
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| flexible rod of cartilage |
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| tunic, incurrent and excurrent siphons, atrium.... |
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