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Vertebrate Lab Exam 2
Vertebrate lab exam 2
126
Biology
Undergraduate 2
03/20/2013

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Term
Parietal Serosa
Definition
Shiny membrane covering body wall
Term
Pleural Visceral Serosa
Definition
Membrane covering the lungs
Term
Pericardial Visceral Serosa
Definition
Membrane covering the heart
Term
Peritoneal Visceral Serosa
Definition
Membrane covering organs below the diaphragm
Term
Coelomic Cavity
Definition
Refers to the entire body cavity
Term
Thoracic Cavity
Definition
Everything above the diaphragm and further divided into the pericardial and pleural cavity
Term
Pericardial Cavity
Definition
Area or cavity surrounding the heart
Term
Pleural Cavity
Definition
Area or cavity surrounding the lungs
Term
Abdominopelvic Cavity
Definition
The cavity or area below the diaphragm
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
Large Thin muscle just above the liver assists in breathing and attached by the falciform ligament to the liver
Term
Falciform Ligament
Definition
Attaches liver and diaphragm together
Term
Greater Omentum
Definition
Larger Membranous structure with fat deposits lying on the outside or greater curve of the stomach "J"
Term
Lesser Omentum
Definition
Smaller Membranous structure with fat deposits lying on the inside or lesser curve of the stomach "J"
Term
Mesocolon
Definition
The shiny membrane that attaches the large intestine/colon to the dorsal body wall
Term
Mesentery Proper
Definition
The shiny membrane intermingled within the small intestine
Term
Lateral vesical ligaments
Definition
shiny membrane Located on each lateral side of the bladder between the fatty deposits
Term
Medial vesical ligaments
Definition
Shiny membrane attaching a fat deposit to the bladded in the middle of it
Term
Broad Ligament (Females)
Definition
Attaches the uterine horn to the body wall
Term
Parotid Glands
Definition
Large lobed and textured gland located right below the ear
Term
Mandibular (submaxillary) glands
Definition
smaller and circular smooth gland Located below the parotid gland
Term
Sublingual glands
Definition
Next to the mandibular/submaxillary gland closer to the mouth, also small and smooth, kind of cone shaped
Term
Esophagus
Definition
tube Beneath the trachea that carries down to the stomach
Term
Cardiac Region of Stomach
Definition
The small bit of stomach at the top, has the cardiac sphincter to prevent backflow of acid
Term
Pyloric Region of Stomach
Definition
Small bit before entering into the small intestine contains the pyloric sphincter
Term
Fundus Region of Stomach
Definition
The upper area below the cardiac region, so NOT at the attachment
Term
Body Region of Stomach
Definition
Large lower area not including the tips
Term
Small intestine
Definition
Duodenum, then jejenum, then ileum
Term
Duodenum
Definition
1st portion of the small intestine
Term
Jejenum
Definition
middle section of small intestine
Term
Ileum
Definition
last section of small intestine before entering the large intestine
Term
Large Inestine
Definition
Cecum, ascending colon, then transverse colon, then descending colon, then the rectum
Term
Cecum
Definition
1st part of large intestine, where the small and large intestine meet
Term
ascending colon
Definition
Part of colon "moving up" the upside down "J" of the large intestine
Term
transverse colon
Definition
Part of colon thats horizontal on the upside down "J" of the large intestine
Term
descending colon
Definition
Part of colon "moving down" the upside down "J" of the large intestine
Term
Rectum
Definition
The very bottom of the large intestine, below the descending colon
Term
Liver
Definition
Large organ below the diaphragm, contains 6 lobes
Term
Gall Bladder
Definition
circular sac Located hidden in the lobes of the liver, and secretes bile into the small intestine
Term
Pancreas
Definition
In amongst the greater omentum, long textured tube, secretes insulin and digestive enzymes
Term
Spleen
Definition
Large Organ near the stomach SPECIAL NOTE:Often people are punched here in the movies eg. "AHHH MY ******"
Term
Larynx
Definition
broadened box-like area of the trachea
Term
glottis
Definition
the small slit/opening between the vocal cords Inside the larynx
Term
Epiglottis
Definition
Above the glottis at the top of the larynx is a small flap, used to prevent food from going down your old windpipe
Term
Thyroid Cartilage
Definition
Around the larynx, rings of cartilage
Term
Trachea
Definition
The "windpipe" more ventral then the esophagus and branches into the bronchi
Term
Bronchi
Definition
primary, then secondary, then tertiary is the order of the division
Term
Right atrium
Definition
top right side of the heart, leads into the right ventricle, receives deoxygenated blood from the inferior and superior vena cavae, leads blood into the Right ventricle via the tricuspid valve
Term
Left atrium
Definition
top left part of heart receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins and gives it to the left ventricle via the atrioventricular (mitral) valve
Term
Right Ventricle
Definition
Accepts blood from right ventricle and pumps it to the lungs through the semilunar valves then the pulmonary trunk then the pulmonary arteries
Term
Left Ventricle
Definition
Pumps oxygenated blood through the body throughout the aorta first apssing through a semi-lunar valve
Term
Base of Heart
Definition
Actually the top of the heart ironically if the heart is an upside down mounatain
Term
Apex of the Heart
Definition
The point of the heart facing your toes
Term
Pulmonary Trunk
Definition
Exits out of the right ventricle leading deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Term
Aorta
Definition
An arch with three tubes coming out of it, leading oxygenated blood to the body
Term
Ligamentum arteriosum
Definition
The tiny connection between the aorta and the pulmonary trunk, remnant of fetal circulatory system
Term
Anterior and Posterior vena cavae or (superior and inferior for humans)
Definition
Anterior/superior [main vein] lead blood from the head to the heart, posterior/inferior lead blood from the lower body to the heart
Term
Right atrioventricular valve
Definition
also known as the tricuspid valve, leads blood from the right atrium into the right ventricle
Term
Left atrioventricular valve
Definition
also known as the bicuspid valve, leads blood from left atrium to left ventricle
Term
Pulmonary Semilunar valves
Definition
lead blood from right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk
Term
Aortic Semilunar valve
Definition
leads blood from left ventricle to the aorta
Term
Interatrial Septum
Definition
Separates the let and right atria
Term
Interventricular Septum
Definition
separates the ventricles
Term
Aortic Arch
Definition
the curved blood vessel stemming from the heart/left ventricle
Term
Thoracic Aorta
Definition
The part of the aorta coming out to the aortic arch
Term
Abdominal Aorta
Definition
Further down the descending part of the aorta below the thoracic aorta
Term
Brachiocephalic artery
Definition
The right branch of the 2 coming off the aorta beside the left common carotid artery turns inteo 3 branches
Term
Right subclavian arteries
Definition
he farthest right branch of the braciocephalic artery
Term
Right/left common carotid arteries
Definition
arteries branching from the brachiocephalic artery, travel up to the head
Term
Axillary Artery
Definition
comes from the subclavian artery as it passes through the ribs
Term
Brachial Artery
Definition
as the axillary artery travels along the arm it is considered this
Term
Radial collateral arteries
Definition
becomes this around the elbow from the brachial artery and supplies blood to the top of the paw
Term
Ulnar collateral Arteries
Definition
branches off first then the radial branches and its from the brachial artery when it turns near the elbow
Term
Systemic Circulation
Definition
Delivers oxygenated blood from the heart to the majority of the muscles and tissues and then return the deoxygenated blood so between the heart and the rest of the body
Term
left subclavian artery
Definition
the other branch coming off the aortic arch thats not the braciocephalic artery
Term
External Jugular Vein
Definition
Large vein continuing from the braciocephalic vein post branching into the subclavian
Term
Internal Jugular Vein
Definition
the smaller vein branching toward the cats net off of the external jugular vein
Term
Common trunk of the mammary vein
Definition
Branches off the anterior vena cava and attaches to the body wall
Term
Anterior vena cava
Definition
main vein carrying deoxygenated blood to the heart from the upper part of the body
Term
Braciocephalic Vein
Definition
The vein branch where the anterior vena cava branch is the right and left of this
Term
Subclavian Veins
Definition
Branch from the braciocephalic vein, turn into the axillary then brachial veins follows same thing as the arteries do
Term
Azygous Vein
Definition
Beneath the lobes of the lungs running along the body wall branching into the intercostal veins paired with arteries
Term
Intercostal Arteries/veins
Definition
run with the ribs and branch from the azygous vein
Term
Coeliac Artery
Definition
Off the dorsal aorta first branch from the top
Term
Left Gastric Artery
Definition
The next inner branch past the hepatic artery and supplies blood to the stomach
Term
Hepatic Artery
Definition
!st branch going up off the coeliac artery and supplies blood to the liver
Term
Splenic Artery
Definition
The Middlest branch of arteries off the coeliac artery past the hepatic artery and supplies blood eventually to the spleen
Term
Cranial Mesenteric Artery
Definition
2nd main branch off of the dorsal aorta
Term
Posterior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Definition
1st branch off of cranial mesenteric artery, supplies blood to pancreas and duodenum
Term
middle colic artery
Definition
a downward branch off of the cranial mesenteric artery, supplies blood to the middle of the colon, or large intestine
Term
ileocolic artery
Definition
the continuation after the branch of the middle colic artey, supplies blood to the ileum colon, last branch of small intestine
Term
Adrenolumbar arteries
Definition
right above the renal arteries/veins, supplies blood to the adreno glands and parts of the lower back
Term
renal arteries and veins
Definition
attached to kidney off of the abdominal aorta and posterior vena cava respetively
Term
internal spermatic arteries
Definition
attached to the sperm ballzzz
Term
ovarian arteries
Definition
attaches to the ovary, near the uterine horn
Term
external iliac artery
Definition
branches off the dorsal aorta first branch
Term
internal iliac artery
Definition
2nd lower branch off of the dorsal aorta
Term
deep femoral artery
Definition
branches off of the external iliac artery
Term
external iliac vein
Definition
branches off of the common iliac vein to the outer part
Term
internal iliac vein
Definition
branches off inside off of the common iliac vein
Term
common iliac vein
Definition
branches from the posterior vena cava
Term
Caudal Mesenteric Artery
Definition
bottom branch going sideways off of dorsal aorta
Term
left colic artery
Definition
the branch slightly heading upwards is the left colic artery off of the caudal mesenteric artery
Term
cranial hemorrhoidal artery
Definition
downward branch of the caudal mesenteric artery, supplies blood to the bottom of the colon or rectum
Term
hilus
Definition
the middle indent on the kidney where renal vein and artery enter
Term
renal capsule
Definition
the membrane covering the kidney
Term
cortex
Definition
the different colored layer bordering the inside
Term
medulla
Definition
the darker middle of the kidney
Term
papilla
Definition
a tiny flap covering the renal pelvis
Term
renal pelvis
Definition
the small expanded area of where the ureter enters
Term
ureter
Definition
a small line leaving the kidney
Term
urinary bladder
Definition
attached to the ureters and releases liquid into the urethra
Term
urethra
Definition
leaves the urinary bladder to leave the cat
Term
ovaries
Definition
round hsaped things at the end of uterine horns
Term
oviducts or uterine tubes (fimbriae)
Definition
tiny tube leading to the ovary (the fimbria are like tinly little fingers)
Term
uterine horns
Definition
on either side lead to the ovaries
Term
body of the uterus
Definition
base before the branching of the uterine horns
Term
vagina
Definition
the shaft area prior to the uterine horn
Term
urogenital sinus
Definition
a sinus before the vagina at the opening
Term
testes
Definition
the balls
Term
scrotum
Definition
the skin covering the balls
Term
epididymis (head, body, tail)
Definition
tiny boomerang shape thing around teste, head at top, then body, then tail
Term
vas deferens
Definition
the tube that carrie semen out fromt he testes
Term
prostate gland
Definition
secretes alkly fluid to help promote life of sperm
Term
glans penis
Definition
erectile tissue or the head of a penis
Term
prepuce
Definition
foreskin covers the penis
Term
bulbourethral glands
Definition
secretes lubricating fluid into the urogennital canal during sexual excitement located by the crus of the penis
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