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Vasodilators
IUSM
21
Pharmacology
Professional
01/12/2015

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Cards

Term
nitroglycerin
Definition
Class: vasodilator, nitrate

Mechanism: increase nitric oxide level in body, increases guanylate cylase activity -> increase cGMP concentration -> promote vasodilation; reduce preload and afterload of LV

Indication: angina, CHF, Raynaud's

Adverse effects: tolerance, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, HA, dizziness, flushing, syncope
Term
isosorbide dinitrate
Definition
Class: vasodilator, nitrate

Mechanism: increase nitric oxide level in body, increases guanylate cylase activity -> increase cGMP concentration -> promote vasodilation; reduce preload and afterload of LV

Indication: angina, CHF, Raynaud's

Adverse effects: tolerance, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, HA, dizziness, flushing, syncope
Term
verapamil
Definition
Class: vasodilator, Ca++ ch. blocker, type I (vasculature and electrical effects)

Mechanism: calcium channel blockade, limit calcium entry into cell through membrane channels

Indication: angina, HTN

Adverse effects: CARDIODEPRESSION (dec. contractility), hypotension, AV block, peripheral edema, HA, constipation
Term
diltiazem
Definition
Class: vasodilator, Ca++ ch. blocker, type I (vasculature and electrical effects)

Mechanism: calcium channel blockade, limit calcium entry into cell through membrane channels

Indication: angina, HTN

Adverse effects: hypotension, peripheral edema, AV block, CARDIODEPRESSION
Term
nifedipine
Definition
Class: vasodilator, Ca++ ch. blocker, type II (vasculature only)

Mechanism: calcium channel blockade, limit calcium entry into cell through membrane channels

Indication: angina, HTN

Adverse effects: hypotension, HA, peripheral edema
Term
metoprolol
Definition
Class: vasodilator, beta-blocker

Mechanism: increased diastolic perfusion, less exercise vasoconstriction, dec. HR, dec. contractility

Indication:

Contraindication: AV conduction abnormalities, asthma, COPD, depression

Adverse effects: bradycardia, AV block, negative inotrophy, bronchoconstriction, depression, nightmares, sexual dysfunction
Term
sildenafil
Definition
Class: vasodilator,

Mechanism: inhibits type 5 phosphodiesterase

Indication: erectile dysfunction

Contraindication: CO-ADMIN w/ NITRATES

Adverse effects: hypotension, flushing, dyspepsia, dose-related abnormal vision

Pharm - CYP450 inducer
Term
nitroglycerin
Definition
Class: vasodilator, nitrate

Mechanism: increase nitric oxide level in body, increases guanylate cylase activity -> increase cGMP concentration -> promote vasodilation; reduce preload and afterload of LV

Indication: angina, CHF, Raynaud's

Adverse effects: tolerance, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, HA, dizziness, flushing, syncope
Term
isosorbide dinitrate
Definition
Class: vasodilator, nitrate

Mechanism: increase nitric oxide level in body, increases guanylate cylase activity -> increase cGMP concentration -> promote vasodilation; reduce preload and afterload of LV

Indication: angina, CHF, Raynaud's

Adverse effects: tolerance, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, HA, dizziness, flushing, syncope
Term
verapamil
Definition
Class: vasodilator, Ca++ ch. blocker, type I (vasculature and electrical effects)

Mechanism: calcium channel blockade, limit calcium entry into cell through membrane channels

Indication: angina, HTN

Adverse effects: CARDIODEPRESSION (dec. contractility), hypotension, AV block, peripheral edema, HA, constipation
Term
diltiazem
Definition
Class: vasodilator, Ca++ ch. blocker, type I (vasculature and electrical effects)

Mechanism: calcium channel blockade, limit calcium entry into cell through membrane channels

Indication: angina, HTN

Adverse effects: hypotension, peripheral edema, AV block, CARDIODEPRESSION
Term
nifedipine
Definition
Class: vasodilator, Ca++ ch. blocker, type II (vasculature only)

Mechanism: calcium channel blockade, limit calcium entry into cell through membrane channels

Indication: angina, HTN

Adverse effects: hypotension, HA, peripheral edema
Term
metoprolol
Definition
Class: vasodilator, beta-blocker

Mechanism: increased diastolic perfusion, less exercise vasoconstriction, dec. HR, dec. contractility

Indication:

Contraindication: AV conduction abnormalities, asthma, COPD, depression

Adverse effects: bradycardia, AV block, negative inotrophy, bronchoconstriction, depression, nightmares, sexual dysfunction
Term
sildenafil
Definition
Class: vasodilator,

Mechanism: inhibits type 5 phosphodiesterase

Indication: erectile dysfunction

Contraindication: CO-ADMIN w/ NITRATES

Adverse effects: hypotension, flushing, dyspepsia, dose-related abnormal vision

Pharm - CYP450 inducer
Term
nitroglycerin
Definition
Class: vasodilator, nitrate

Mechanism: increase nitric oxide level in body, increases guanylate cylase activity -> increase cGMP concentration -> promote vasodilation; reduce preload and afterload of LV

Indication: angina, CHF, Raynaud's

Adverse effects: tolerance, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, HA, dizziness, flushing, syncope
Term
isosorbide dinitrate
Definition
Class: vasodilator, nitrate

Mechanism: increase nitric oxide level in body, increases guanylate cylase activity -> increase cGMP concentration -> promote vasodilation; reduce preload and afterload of LV

Indication: angina, CHF, Raynaud's

Adverse effects: tolerance, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, HA, dizziness, flushing, syncope
Term
verapamil
Definition
Class: vasodilator, Ca++ ch. blocker, type I (vasculature and electrical effects)

Mechanism: calcium channel blockade, limit calcium entry into cell through membrane channels

Indication: angina, HTN

Adverse effects: CARDIODEPRESSION (dec. contractility), hypotension, AV block, peripheral edema, HA, constipation
Term
diltiazem
Definition
Class: vasodilator, Ca++ ch. blocker, type I (vasculature and electrical effects)

Mechanism: calcium channel blockade, limit calcium entry into cell through membrane channels

Indication: angina, HTN

Adverse effects: hypotension, peripheral edema, AV block, CARDIODEPRESSION
Term
nifedipine
Definition
Class: vasodilator, Ca++ ch. blocker, type II (vasculature only)

Mechanism: calcium channel blockade, limit calcium entry into cell through membrane channels

Indication: angina, HTN

Adverse effects: hypotension, HA, peripheral edema
Term
metoprolol
Definition
Class: vasodilator, beta-blocker

Mechanism: increased diastolic perfusion, less exercise vasoconstriction, dec. HR, dec. contractility

Indication:

Contraindication: AV conduction abnormalities, asthma, COPD, depression

Adverse effects: bradycardia, AV block, negative inotrophy, bronchoconstriction, depression, nightmares, sexual dysfunction
Term
sildenafil
Definition
Class: vasodilator,

Mechanism: inhibits type 5 phosphodiesterase

Indication: erectile dysfunction

Contraindication: CO-ADMIN w/ NITRATES

Adverse effects: hypotension, flushing, dyspepsia, dose-related abnormal vision

Pharm - CYP450 inducer
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