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Definition
Lycopodiaceae
Club Moss (2 CA species)
Plants small creeping to vine like. Lack flowers. Aerial stem and scale-like lvs, small generally entire and spirally arranged on an elongated stem. those on sporangia generally unlike others, sometimes in cones. Lvs born on stem, lvs not in well defined ranks. Cones are terminal on erect stem.
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Selaginellaceae
Mat-like, or cushion-like (rounded) Stems pendent to erect, short to widely spreading, rooting at base or in branch fork. Lvs many, simple, overlapping, small, scale-like, 1-veined, lvs 4-ranked; leaves below stem generally appressed, leaves above stem ascending to spreading. Cones generally terminal; Sporangia 1 per leaf axil
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Term
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Definition
Isoetaceae
Quillworts (6 spp in CA)
Narrow elongated leaves attached basally in a spiral fashion to a subterranean short corm-like stem (2–3-lobed, corky, brown). At the base of each leaf below the triangular shaped ligule is found the sporangia.Lvs simple, in grass-like tufts, spirally arranged on stem top, erect to spreading
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Definition
EQUISETACEAE
(Equisetum) Horsetails
Jointed stems, scale-like leaves, whorled at nodes, branches arise laterally at nodes alternate with leaves, internodes ribbed, roots from nodes (rhizomes). Stem erect, ridged lengthwise, hollow except at nodes, leaves, generally not green
Sporangia several on inner surface of peltatescales that are clustered into a terminal cone
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Term
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Definition
Polypodiaceae
pinnatifid (deeply lobed), leathery blade, long-creeping rhizome, fronds jointed to the rhizome, and young sori covered by peltate scales. Sori born in rows, no indusium
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Term
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Definition
Addler’s tongue family
2 types of leaves a fertile upper portion and a sterile lower portion. Produce a single leaf at a time
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Psilotaceae
(Psilotum)
Leaves reduced, Scale like appendages (yellowish balls), dichotomous branching, has no roots
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Term
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Definition
Pteridaceae
(Brake Family)
Compound lvs, linear sori at margin of lvs, false indusium present, reflexed margin of leaf
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Dennstaedtiaceae
(Bracken Fern)
Large highly divided leaves, small round intramarginal sori with cup shaped indusia or linear marginal sori with false indusium (reflexed leaf margin)
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Term
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Definition
Cycadaceae
Circinnate vernation fiddle heads. Lrge pollen cone in center |
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Definition
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Pinaceae
Cones, Bracts present and free from scales, lvs needle like, 1-8 lvs per bundle (fascicles) on short determinate branch
More than 1leaf per bundle=Pine
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Term
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Definition
Cupressaceae
(incl.Taxodiaceae)
Juniper, sequoia, cypress
Woody or fleshy cones, bracts tiny and fused to scale, lvs various but not in bundles, awl or awn shaped.
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Taxaceae
Yew family:
Simple lvs, no cones, seeds with hard outer layer and aril (fleshy, corky, or bony appendage at or near pt. of seed attachment)
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Ephedraceae
(Ephedra)
Erect stem, Lvs scale like pollen and ovules in strobili (cones), have perianth-like structures
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Nymphaeaceae
(Water lily)
Aquatic herb, floating lvs, solitary floating-emergent flowers, spirally arranged flower parts, petals grading usually to flattened stamens.
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Definition
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Calycanthaceae
(Calycanthus occidentalis)
Opposite, simple, entire, aromatic leaves w/o stipules. Large solitary flowers have a bract-covered floral cup, achenes attached to inside of the dry hypanthium
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Term
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Definition
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Lauaceae
(Umbellularia californica)
Mickey mouse anthers (valvular anther dehiscence) , petal-like structures are sepals, no petals, one-seeded berry. P (3+3 [or6, 2+2, 3+3+3])
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Term
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Definition
Aristolochiaceae
Climbing, enlarged petaloid calyx and absent or reduced carolla. Stamens often fused to style (gynostemium), ovary half inferior or inferior 4-6 carpled and fused
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Term
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Definition
Saururaceae
Many flowers (Spadix), Involucre bracts forming a ring, flowers lack perianth, 1ovary with many ovules, fruit capsule
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