Term
| What are the causes of aortic stenosis? |
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Definition
1. Calcific aortic stenosis
2. Bicuspid aortic valve
3. Rheumatic heart disease
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Term
| What are the classic symptoms of aortic stenosis? |
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Definition
Angina
Syncope
Heart failure |
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Term
| What is the median survival time in symptomatic aortic stenosis? |
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Definition
1. Angina: 5 years
2. Syncope: 3 years
3. Congestive heart failure: 2 years
4. Atrial fibrillation: 6 months |
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Term
| What is the most common cause of aortic stenosis? |
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Definition
World-wide: Rheumatic heart disease
Developed world: Calcific/degenerative |
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Term
| Describe the typical features of the aortic stenosis murmur on cardiac auscultation. |
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Definition
Harsh systolic crescendo-decresendo murmur
Heard best at right upper sternal border
Radiates to both carotids
Time to peak intensity correlates with severity
(Later peak --> more severe) |
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Term
| Describe the physical signs that correlate to severe aortic stenosis? |
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Definition
Time to peak intensity correlates with severity
(Later peak = more severe)
Diminished/absent A2 (soft S2)
Pulsus parvus et tardus: late-peaking and diminsihed carotid upstroke |
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