Term
Posthepatic venous thrombosis:
-Abdominal pain
-ascites
-hepatosplenomegaly
-like DVT, congestion of liver
-NO JVD (unlike right side heart failure) |
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Definition
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Term
Achilles tendon xanthoma
-cholesterol deposited in tissues, like tendons |
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Definition
| Familial hypercholesterolemia |
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Term
Meningococcemia:
-Adrenal hemorrhage
-hypotension
-DIC
-septic infection in blood |
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Definition
| Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome |
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Term
Fibrillin defect:
-Arachnodactyly
-lens dislocation
-aortic dissection
-hyperflexible joints |
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Definition
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Term
Vertebral tuberculosis:
-Back Pain
-fever
-night sweats
-weight loss |
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Definition
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Term
UMN lesion:
-Big toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape
-hyperreflexive (spastic paralysis) |
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Definition
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Term
-Bilateral hilar adenopathy
-noncaseating granulomas
-uveitis |
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Definition
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Term
Collagen Type I defect:
-Blue sclera |
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Definition
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Term
Lead Poisoning:
Bluish line on gingiva |
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Definition
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Term
Increased osteoblast/osteoclast activity:
-Bone pain
-Increased Hat Size
-Fractures
-bone enlargement
-arthritis
-Increased Alkaline Phosphatase |
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Definition
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Term
-Café-au-lait spots
-Lisch nodules
(iris hamartoma – excess iris tissue) |
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Definition
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Term
-Café-au-lait spots
-Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma)
- + bilateral acoustic neuromas |
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Definition
| Neurofibromatosis type II |
|
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Term
| Calf pseudohypertrophy (excess fatty tissue) |
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Definition
| Duchene's Muscular Dystrophy |
|
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Term
Ganglioside Accumulation:
-“Cherry-red spot” on macula |
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Definition
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Term
Lysosomal Storage Disease
-"Cherry-red spot" on macula |
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Definition
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Term
| "Cherry-red spot" on macula |
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Definition
| Central Retinal Artery Occlusion |
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Term
Autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis:
-Chest pain
-pericardial effusion/friction rub
-persistent fever following MI |
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Definition
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Term
Child used arms to stand up from squat
(Duchenne MD: X-linked dystrophin gene) |
|
Definition
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Term
Erythema infectiosum:
-“Slapped Cheeks”
-Child with fever develops red rash on face that spreads to body |
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Definition
| Parvovirus B19 / Fifth Disease |
|
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Term
Autosomal-dominant CAG repeat expansion:
-Chorea
-(Crazy) Dementia
-Caudate degeneration
-Acetylcholine decrease |
|
Definition
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Term
Muscle phosphorylase deficiency:
-Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia -Fatigue
-painful cramps |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
Damage to MLF
-conjugate lateral gaze palsy
-paralysis of adducting eye
-horizontal diplopia
-Bilateral: MS
-Unilateral: Stroke |
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Definition
| Internuclear Opthalmoplegia |
|
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Term
Continuous "machinery" murmur
-close with indomethacin
-open with misoprostol |
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Definition
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Term
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition
-seen with hyperthyroid/Graves’s disease |
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Definition
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|
Term
AIDS patients with HHV-8
-Dark purple skin/ mouth nodules |
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Definition
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Term
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
-Deep labored breathing/hyperventilation to blow off CO2 to raise pH |
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Definition
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Term
Niacin [vitamin B3] deficiency
-Dermatitis,
-Dementia
Diarrhea |
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Definition
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Term
Thiamine [vitamin B1] deficiency
-Dilated cardiomyopathy
-Edema
-Polyneuropathy
-Called “Dry” beriberi without dilated cardiomyopathy |
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Definition
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Term
| Dog or cat bite resulting in infection |
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Definition
Pasteurella multocida
(know this) |
|
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Term
Autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands:
-Dry eyes
-Dry mouth
-Arthritis |
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Definition
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Term
1. Dysphagia (esophageal webs)
2. Glossitis (smoothing of tongue)
3. Iron deficiency anemia
-(may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) |
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Definition
Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
(triad of symptoms?) |
|
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Term
Collagen III Defect
-elastic skin
-hypermobility of joints |
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Definition
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Term
Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node
-abdominal metastasis, usually from stomach cancer
-poor prognosis |
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Definition
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Term
-Facial muscle spasm upon tapping
-hypocalcemia
-tape “cheek” so Chvosteks |
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Definition
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Term
Bile Duct Blockage:
Fat, female, forty, and fertile |
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Definition
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|
Term
After Antibiotic Treatment for Syphilis:
-Rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release
-Fever, chills, headache, myalgia |
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Definition
| Jarisch-Herxhimer reaction |
|
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Term
Morbillivirus
3 C’s:
-Cough
-Conjunctivitis
-Coryza (allergy like symptoms)
-diffuse rash, fever |
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Definition
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Term
| Fever, night sweats, weight loss |
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Definition
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Term
Connective Tissue Disorder
-Fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis |
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Definition
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|
Term
HGPRT enzyme deficiency in a Boy:
-Gout
-mental retardation
-self-mutilating behavior |
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Definition
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|
Term
Green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea
-copper accumulation from Wilson's disease |
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Definition
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|
Term
Genetic benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction and increased cancer risk:
-Hamartomatous GI polyps (normal tissue)
-Hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands
-(dark spots inside mouth) |
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Definition
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Term
Glucocerebrosidase deficiency:
-Hepatosplenomegaly
-Osteoporosis
-Neurologic symptoms
*High Yield: crinkled tissue paper cytoplasm |
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Definition
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Term
Collagen mutation:
-Hereditary nephritis
-sensorineural hearing loss
-cataracts
- “can’t see, can’t pee, can’t hear” |
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Definition
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Term
Hypercoagulability
-leads to migrating DVTs and vasculitis
-seen with adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung |
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Definition
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|
Term
Bilateral amygdala lesion:
-Hyperphagia
-hypersexuality
-hyperorality
-hyperdocility |
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Definition
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Term
Primary Hyperaldosteronism
-Hypertension
-Hypokalemia
-Metabolic acidosis |
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Definition
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Term
Results in Adrenal Criss and Hypoaldosteronsim
-Hypotension
-Hyperkalemia
-Metabolic alkolosis |
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Definition
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Term
“Blue Boater”
-Hypoxemia
-polycythemia
-hypercapnia
-results from hyperplasia of mucous cells
-increased REID index |
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Definition
Chronic Bronchitis
(Visual Description of Patient) |
|
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Term
Indurated, ulcerated genital lesion (nonpainful)
-primary syphilis: Treponema pallidum |
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Definition
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Term
Genetic sphingomyelinase deficiency
-Infant with failure to thrive
-Hepatosplenomegaly
-Neurodegeneration
-“Cherry Red” spots on Macula |
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Definition
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Term
| Infant with hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, hepatomegaly |
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Definition
| Cori's Disease (debranching enzyme deficiency) |
|
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Term
| Infant with microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, structural heart defect |
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Definition
| Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18) |
|
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Term
| Jaundice, RUQ pain, fever |
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Definition
| Charcot's triad (ascending cholangitis) |
|
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Term
| Keratin pearls on a skin lesion |
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Definition
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Term
| Large rash with bull's-eye appearance |
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Definition
| Erythema chronicum migrans from tick bite (Lyme disease: Borrelia) |
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Term
| Male child, recurrent infections, no mature B cells |
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Definition
| Bruton's disease (X-linked agammaglobulinemia) |
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Term
| Mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time |
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Definition
| Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia (defect in platelet aggregation due to lack of GpIIb/IIIa) |
|
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Term
| Multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, impacted/supernumary teeth |
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Definition
| Gardner's Syndrome (genetic disorder, predisposes to colon cancer) |
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Term
| Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. |
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Definition
| Wegener's and Goodpasture's syndromes (hemoptysis and glomerular disease) |
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Term
| Neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth |
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Definition
| Erb-Duchenne Palsy (superior trunk [C5-6] brachial plexus injury: "waiter's tip") |
|
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Term
| No lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance |
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Definition
| Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infarction) |
|
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Term
| Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech |
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Definition
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Term
| Oscillating slow/fast breathing |
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Definition
| Cheyne-Stokes respirations (central apnea in CHF or increased ICP) |
|
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Term
| Painful blue fingers/toes, hemolytic anemia |
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Definition
| Cold agglutinin disease (IgM) (autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae or infectious mononucleosis) |
|
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Term
| Painful, pale, cold fingers/toes |
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Definition
| Raynaud's syndrome (vasospasm in extremity) |
|
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Term
| Painful, raised red lesions on palms and soles |
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Definition
| Osler's nodes (infective endocarditis) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing bile duct |
|
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Term
| Palpable purpura, joint pain, abdominal pain (child) |
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Definition
| Henoch-Schlonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys) |
|
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Term
| Pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors |
|
Definition
| Wermer's Syndrome (MEN 1) |
|
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Term
| Pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation |
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Definition
| "Pink puffer" (emphysema: centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency]) |
|
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Term
| Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, café-au-lait spots, short stature in a young girl |
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Definition
| McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation) |
|
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Term
| Polyuria, acidosis, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances |
|
Definition
| Fanconi's Syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect) |
|
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Term
| Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis |
|
Definition
| Horner's Syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion) |
|
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Term
| Pupil accommodates but doesn't react |
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Definition
| Argyll Robertson Pupil (neurosyphilis) |
|
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Term
| Rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends (following GI/upper respiratory infection) |
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Definition
| Guillain-Barre Syndrome (autoimmune acute inflammatory demyelinating polynephropathy) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Secondary syphilis, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
|
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Term
| Recurrent colds, unusual eczema, high serum IgE |
|
Definition
| Job's syndrome (hyper-IgE syndrome: neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality) |
|
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Term
| "Red currant jelly" sputum |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple/areola |
|
Definition
| Paget's Disease of Breast (indictating underlying neoplasm) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Paroxysmal noctural hemoglobinuria |
|
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Term
| Renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastomas, angiomatosis, pheochromocytoma |
|
Definition
| von Hippel-Lindau disease (dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation) |
|
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Term
| Resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability |
|
Definition
| Parkinson's disease (nigrostriatal dopamine depletion) |
|
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Term
| Restrictive cardiomyopathy (juvenile form: cardiomegaly), exercise intolerance |
|
Definition
| Pompe's Disease (lysosomal glucosidase deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| Retinal hemorrhages with pale centers |
|
Definition
| Roth's spots (bacterial endocarditis) |
|
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Term
| Severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness |
|
Definition
| McBurney's sign (appendicitis) |
|
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Term
| Short stature, increased incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia |
|
Definition
| Fanconi's anemia (genetically inherited; often progresses to AML) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Simian crease (Down syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility |
|
Definition
| Kartagener's syndrome (dynein defect affecting cilia) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Addison's Disease (primary adrenocortical insufficiency of autoimmune or infectious etiology) |
|
|
Term
| Slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys |
|
Definition
| Becker's Muscular Dystrophy (X-linked, defective dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's) |
|
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Term
| Small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue-white centers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Small, nontender, erythematous lesions on palms/soles |
|
Definition
| Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis) |
|
|
Term
| Smooth, flat, moist white lesions on genitals |
|
Definition
| Condylomata lata (secondary syphilis) |
|
|
Term
| Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scarlet Fever, Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Streak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horseshoe kidney |
|
Definition
| Turner's Syndrome (XO, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema) |
|
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Term
| Sudden swollen/painful big toe joint, tophi |
|
Definition
| Gout/podagra (hyperurecimia) |
|
|
Term
| Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Swollen gums, mucous bleeding, poor wound healing, spots on skin |
|
Definition
| Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency: can't hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis) |
|
|
Term
| Swollen, hard, painful finger joints |
|
Definition
| Osteoarthritis (osteophytes on PIP [Bouchard's nodes], DIP [Heberden's nodes]) |
|
|
Term
| Thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal tumors |
|
Definition
| Sipple's Syndrome (MEN 2A) |
|
|
Term
| Ulcerated genital lesion with exudate (painful) |
|
Definition
| Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi) |
|
|
Term
| Unilateral facial drooping |
|
Definition
| Bell's palsy (LMN CNVII palsy) |
|
|
Term
| Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in a male |
|
Definition
| Reiter's Syndrome (reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27) |
|
|
Term
| Vascular Birthmark (port-wine stain) |
|
Definition
| Hemangioma (benign, but associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| Vasculitis from exposure to endotoxin causing glomerular thrombosis |
|
Definition
| Shwartzman reaction (following second exposure to endotoxin) |
|
|
Term
| Vomiting blood following esophagogastric lacerations |
|
Definition
| Mallory-Weiss Syndrome (alcoholics and eating disorders) |
|
|
Term
| "Waxy" casts with very low urine flow |
|
Definition
| Chronic End Stage Renal Disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenopathy |
|
Definition
| Whipple's disease (Tropheryma whippelii) |
|
|
Term
| "Worst headache of my life" |
|
Definition
| Berry aneurysm (associated with polycystic kidney disease) |
|
|
Term
| Child uses arms to stand up from squat |
|
Definition
| Gower's sign (Duchenne muscular dystrophy: X-linked recesssive deleted dystrophin gene) |
|
|
Term
| Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia |
|
Definition
| Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; bilateral [multiple sclerosis], unilateral [stroke]) |
|
|
Term
| Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells |
|
Definition
| Sezary syndrome (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) or mycosis fungoides |
|
|
Term
| Lucid interval after traumatic brain injury |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Positive anterior "drawer sign" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Severe jaundice in neonate |
|
Definition
| Crigler-Najjar syndrome (congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia) |
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