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VAHS Fitness Vocabulary
VAHS Fitness Vocabulary for PE Classes
51
Fitness
10th Grade
11/01/2016

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Term
Adaptation
Definition
When muscles or energy systems are overloaded they adapt to the overload by getting stronger or more efficient
Term
Aerobic
Definition
with oxygen (O2)...long duration activities
Term
Anaerobic
Definition
w/o Oxygen (O2)...short duration activities
Term
Cardiovascular
Definition
Exercise that utilizes the Aerobic energy system benefiting the heart and lungs.
Term
Duration
Definition
The time period of exercise. The longer the activity continues, the greater chance to burn fat and build endurance.
Term
Endurance
Definition
The ability to perform any activity or exercise over an extended period of time.
Term
Goal setting
Definition
having a clearly defined end result in mind, as well as the steps to get there.
Term
Intensity
Definition
The load, rate, or % Max Heart Rate of a set. When the intensity increases the volume decreases.
Term
Max Heart Rate
Definition
Your heart rate should not exceed (220 - Your age). Example: 220-16=204 MHR for a 20-year-old.
Term
Overload
Definition
Increasing workload to improve strength and reach physical capacity / failure.
Term
Progression
Definition
Over time, adding workload so as not to constantly be repeating the exact same
Term
Recovery
Definition
Giving your body at least 48 hours between doing exercises that work the same muscle group.
Term
Safety
Definition
Being aware of proper execution and skills as well as your surroundings so as not to injure yourself or others.
Term
Specificity
Definition
The exercise simulares the actual skill or activity you want to improve on.
Term
Speed
Definition
The ability to move through space in a straight line as determined by a combination of stride length and stride frequency
Term
Target Heart Rate
Definition
A heart rate goal measured by beats per minute (BPM). Aerobic threshold = 220-age (max HR) x > 60%
Term
Visualization
Definition
Mentally rehearsing a movement or skill to improve confidence.
Term
Volume
Definition
The total amount of time, distance, reps, and/or sets in a workout. When the volume increases the intensity decreases.
Term
Workouts
Definition
To increase strength, endurance, or fitness levels you must workout at least 3 days per week.
Term
Circuit
Definition
Moving from one exercise to another with a limited amount of rest
Term
Core
Definition
The body’s midsection that includes the front, sides, and back
Term
Isometric
Definition
Building strength without movement. Muscle contraction without bending the joint.
Term
Isotonic
Definition
Building strength with movement. Muscle contraction while bending the joint (Strength Training)
Term
Plyometrics
Definition
Upper and lower body jumping or explosive movements
Term
Pulling Exercises
Definition
Using the posterior chain muscles that include - Latissimus Dorsi, Bicep, Hamstrings
Term
Pushing Exercises
Definition
Using the anterior chain muscles that include - Pectorals, Deltoid, and Quadriceps.
Term
Repetitions
Definition
Performing tasks a specific number of times in a row. Sets
Term
Strength Training
Definition
Training to become more athletic...the combination of strength, speed, and agility.
Term
Visualization
Definition
mentally rehearsing a movement or skill to improve confidence in execution of the task.
Term
Weight Training
Definition
Training to be able to move heavy weight through space (power)
Term
Agility
Definition
Ability to change body direction
Term
Balance/Stability
Definition
The ability to move or to remain in a position without losing control or falling.
Term
Body type
Definition
The physical shape of your body genetically predispositioned from parents (Three types:
ECTOMORPH – Stick (Average Metabolism)
ENDOMORPH – Pear Shape (Low Metabolism) MESOMORPH – Hourglass (High Metabolism - YES!)
Term
Coordination
Definition
Performing movements in a sequential, rhythmic and efficient manner.
Term
Dynamic Stretch
Definition
Increasing flexibility through specific and full range movement patterns. This type of stretching is done prior to a workout or activity.
Term
Flexibility
Definition
The range of motion of a joint or a group of joints
Term
Ground based
Definition
Performing tasks that initiate from your feet beginning on the ground
Term
Posture
Definition
The way in which your body is positioned when you are sitting or standing.
Term
Speed
Definition
The ability to move through space in a straight line as determined by a combination of stride length and stride frequency.
Term
Static Stretch
Definition
Increasing flexibility with limited or no movement patterns. The stretch is held in the same position for 10-20 seconds. This type of stretching is done after the workout or activity.
Term
Calorie
Definition
the energy value of food or activity. 3500 calories = 1 pound of fat.
Term
Cholesterol
Definition
a substance produced by the body and found in foods.
Some cholesterol is good (hdl). Some is bad (ldl). High cholestersol may lead to high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.
Term
Electrolytes
Definition
minerals needed for vital body functions; sodium and potassium, magnesium Found in foods such as fruits and vegetables.
Term
Fat
Definition
The storage of excess calories for the body to use as a fuel source for energy. 3500 calories = 1 lb. of fat., 9 calories = 1 gram of fat
Term
Lactic Acid
Definition
The byproduct of burning calories (ash). The circulatory system needs to remove it as quickly and efficiently as possible in order to continue the activity.
Term
Metabolism
Definition
the rate at which your body uses energy at rest (calories).
Term
Nutrition
Definition
Eating multiple colors of foods from several food groups with limited ingredients. Eating foods that are “as close to the source” as possible.
Term
Protein
Definition
builds, maintains, and replaces the tissues in your body. found in foods (meat, milk, eggs, nuts, beans). 4 calories per gram
Term
Sports drinks
Definition
a drink primarily made up of sugar and salt, and some have caffeine.
The best drink is water, of course, but milk is another great drink for students. Juice is OK, but choose it less often than water and milk. Sports drinks are fine once in a while, but water should be considered the drink of champions.
Term
Supplements & Multivitamins
Definition
a powder or tablet (multivitamin) you add to your diet to offset poor nutrition or diet deficiencies. If you eat a balanced diet, no supplements are needed. The human can only absorb a specific amount, the rest goes down the toilet, including your money!
Term
Vitamins and minerals
Definition
substances that are found in foods we eat that your body needs for daily function. So you grow and develop just like you should. When it comes to vitamins, each one has a special role to play. There are two types of vitamins: fat soluble and water soluble . Using the metabolism = fire analogy, vitamins are gas to the fire – they help your cells function (burn) efficiently. Minerals help remove the smoke (CO2) and asd (Lactic Acid) from the cells
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