Term
| Transceivers are capable of operating in what modes? |
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Definition
Transceivers are capable of operating in full duplex, half duplex, and simplex mode. |
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Term
| What device can be viewed as teh actual interface between workstations, servers, clients, and the shared media of the network? |
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Definition
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Term
| Nearly all NIC's contain what device that transmits and receives data signals? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is one way repeaters overcome attentuation? |
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Definition
Repeaters remove the unwanted noise in an incoming signal. |
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Term
| What do all devices on a network share when connected to a hub? |
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Definition
They share the same amount of bandwidth and the same collision domain. |
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Term
| What are the three classifications for hubs? |
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Definition
(1) Passive. (2) Active. (3) Intelligent. |
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Term
| What are some advantages of switches? |
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Definition
(1) Switches have internal processor,operating system, memory, and several ports that enable other nodes to connect to it. (2) Switches have multiple ports and can make better use of limited bandwidth and prove more cost-efficient than bridges. (3) Each port acts like a bridge, and each device connected to a switch effectively receives its own dedicated channel. (4) A switch limits the number of devices in a collision domain and limits the potential for collisions. |
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Term
| What are some disadvantages of switches? |
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Definition
Although they contain buffers to hold incoming data and accomodate bursts of traffic, they can become overwhelmed by continous, heavy traffic. In that event, the switch cannot prevent data loss. |
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Term
| Why would you replace a backbone router with a switch? |
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Definition
Because a switch provides at least two advantages: Better Security and Better Performance. |
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Term
| Where can a Gateway reside? |
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Definition
Gateways can reside on servers, microcomputers, connectivity devices (such as routers), or mainframes. |
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Term
| What are some popular types of gateways? |
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Definition
Popular types of gateways include e-mail gateway, IBM host gateway, internet gateway, LAN gateway, vioce/data gateway, and firewall. |
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Term
| Routers operate at what layer of the OSI model? |
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Definition
Routers operate at the Network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model. |
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Term
| What does a typical router contain? |
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Definition
A typical router has an internal processor, an operating system, memory, input and output jacks for different types of network connectors (depending on the network type), and, usually, a management console interface. |
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Term
| What tasks can all routers do? |
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Definition
Too long for flash card-refer to page 1-16 |
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Term
| Identify and define the four common routing protocols. |
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Definition
(1) RIP-Oldest, used for interior or border routers. Does not work well in very large network environments. Slow and less secure. (2) OSPF-Use on interior/border routers. Uses more complex algorithm for best paths. Supports many routers and manufacturers (3) EIGRP-Interior/Border routers. Developed in mid-1980s by Cisco. Only works w/ Cisco. More efficient. (4) BGP-Used on border and exterior routers. |
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Term
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Definition
| As their name suggests, these devices are a cross or hybrid between bridges and routers. |
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Term
| What are the four types of switching devices? |
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Definition
(1) Cut-through. (2) Store and forward. (3) Hybrid. (4) Fragment-free. |
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Term
| Hybrid switches represent a combination of what switching devices? |
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Definition
| Cut-through and store and forward switches. |
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Term
| What is the advantage of a hybrid switch? |
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Definition
Its minimal latency when error rates are low and it becomes a store and forward when error rates rise, allowing it to discard frames when error rates get high. |
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Term
| SONET can serve what purpose? |
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Definition
SONET serves as very high-speed backbones in the Internet, as high-speed distribution networks in local exchange and interoffice facilities, and provide optical transport channels for private connections. |
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Term
| A SONET network may contain what equipment? |
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Definition
| ADM, TM, DCS, DLC, MN, and D+R. |
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Term
| What do SONET standards define? |
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Definition
A set of optical/electronic interfaces for network transport. |
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Term
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Definition
ATM is an ITU networking standard describing Data Link layer protocols for both network access and signal multiplexing. |
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Term
| Because ATM packages data into cells before transmission it is considered what type of technology? |
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Definition
| ATM is typically considered a packet-switching technology. |
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