Term
| What drug can be used in patients with ALS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do you see anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, and basophilic stippling? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What differentiates Crohn's from UC |
|
Definition
| Non-caseating geanulomas, transmural, sparing of rectum, skip lesions, cobblestone appearance |
|
|
Term
| What poisoning is headache, vomiting, abd pain, flushed skin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What poisoning is CNS depression, arrhythmias, hypotension, anticholinergic signs such as hypertherm, flushing, dilated pupils, urinary retention? |
|
Definition
| TCA poising. Give bicarb. |
|
|
Term
| What is De Quervain tenosynovitis? |
|
Definition
| Affects new mothers who hold infant with thumb outstrentched. Abductor pollicis longus/brevis are affected. +Pain with passive stretch. |
|
|
Term
| First sign of hypovolemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should patients avoid while taking Metroindazole? |
|
Definition
| Alcohol. Disulfram reaction... flushing, n/v, hypotension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sore throat, hyperemic, edematous oropharynx, cheilitis, stomatitis, glossitis, anemia, seborrheic dermatitis, photophobia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thiamine (B1) defic. 2-3m. Cardiac syndrome with cardiomegaly, tachycardia, cyanosis, dyspnea, vomiting. |
|
|
Term
| Premature ovarian failure |
|
Definition
| <40, amenorrhea. Has to be >1 for infertility... otherwise consider oocyte agining if near 40 and still having cycles. |
|
|
Term
| What solutions to treat mild and severe hypernatremia |
|
Definition
Mild = D5.45
Severe = 0.9% |
|
|
Term
| Hairy cell leukemia Dx and treatment: |
|
Definition
Bone Marrow Bx. TRAP stain
Give Cladribine, toxic to bone marrow. Neuro and kidney damange. |
|
|
Term
| Most common side effect of ankylosing spondylitis extra-articular? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the best way to monitor respiratory function bedside in cases such as guillen barre |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How to treat supraventricular tachycardias? |
|
Definition
| Vagal manuever and adenosine |
|
|
Term
| How to treat sinus bradycardia? |
|
Definition
IV atropine followed by transcutaneous pacing.
If HDUS you can use epi. |
|
|
Term
| What causes ludwig's angina? |
|
Definition
| Tooth infection. Usually strep. |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of NMS? |
|
Definition
| Within two weeks of precipitating drug. Fever, rigidity, autonomic instability, mental status changes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stop offending medication (Dopamine agonist like Haloperidol). Dantrolene or bromocriptene. |
|
|
Term
| What are signs of rosacea and what precipitates? Treatment? |
|
Definition
| 30-60 y/o w/ telangiectasia over cheeks, nose, chin. Flushing with hot drinks, heat, emotion. Give metronidazole. |
|
|
Term
| Acute pneumonia, No skin lesions. Central US |
|
Definition
| Histoplasmosis. Itraconazole and amphotericin. Ketokonazole if mild |
|
|
Term
| Southerwestern US, pulmonary infection. Erythema multiform/nodosum. |
|
Definition
| Coccidioides. Fluconazole and IV amphotericin |
|
|
Term
| Partial acid fast pneumonia, mimics TB |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Broad based budding yeast. Central US. Lungs, skin, bones, joints, prostate. Flu-like. Can have skin ulcers. |
|
Definition
| Blastomycosis. Itraconazole |
|
|
Term
| Post-splenectomy patients are at increased risk for sepsis from what types of organisms and why? |
|
Definition
| Encapsulated organisms due to impaired antibody-mediated opsonization in phagocytosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drowsiness, confusion, anticholinergic (dry mouth, dilated pupils, blurred vision, reduced bowel sounds, urinary retention). Give physostigmine (cholinesterase inhib) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Caused by Chlamydia. Look for neocascularization on the cornea, conjunctivitis. Give topical tetracycline or oral azithromycin. |
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of painless hematuria in adults? |
|
Definition
| Bladder mass, then renal cell carcinoma. |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat asymptomatic gallstones? Symptomatic but refuse treatment? |
|
Definition
1) Don't
2) Ursodeoxycholic acid |
|
|
Term
| Pain in hands & weight bearing joints. Mild morning stiffness. Worse with exercise, better with rest. Xray findings? |
|
Definition
| Osteoarthritis. Non-inflammartory arthritis look for narrowing of joint space and osteophyte formation |
|
|
Term
| Morning stiffness, fever, malaise, weight loss. MCP, PIP involved. Warm joints. X ray findings? |
|
Definition
| Rheumatoid arthritis. periarticular osteopenia and joint margin erosions. |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat a hordeolum (stye) |
|
Definition
| Abscess with staph. Warm compresses. I&D if that doesn't help. |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of conn's syndrome in terms of renin, aldosterone, and bicarb levels |
|
Definition
Low renin. High aldosteron. High bicarb
HTN! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Alterations in consciousness, disorganized speech, visual hallucinations, extrapyramidal, early compromise executive functions? |
|
Definition
Lewy body dimentia. Give ACE-I like Rivastigmine and atypical antipsychotics.
Also in parkinson's. |
|
|
Term
| Neurofibrillary tangles are associated with? |
|
Definition
| Alzheimers Dementia. Early and more pronounced anterograde memory compared to lewy body. |
|
|
Term
| Loop diuretics can cause hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia |
|
Definition
| Watch for ventricular tachycardia. |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat precocious puberty? Why? |
|
Definition
| GnRH agonists to prevent closure of epiphyseal plates. |
|
|
Term
| What skin finding is associated with pernicious anemia? |
|
Definition
| Pale conjunctival, vitiligo. Vitiligo associated with autoimmune in general. |
|
|
Term
| High fever, chills, tenosynovitis, migratory polyarthralgiass, pustular lesions. Sexually active. |
|
Definition
| Disseminated gonococcal infection |
|
|
Term
| Child was treated for atopic dermatitis, now has fever/rash/adenopathy on face |
|
Definition
| Eczema herpeticum. Give acyclovir. Life threatening. |
|
|
Term
| Cafe au lait, axillary freckles, exiohalmos of eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1) Initial hematuria
2) End stream hematuria
3) Total hematuria |
|
Definition
1) Urethral
2) Bladder or prostatic
3) kidney or ureters |
|
|
Term
| Trigger points of tenderness. Widespread pain. Fatigue, poor sleep, depression |
|
Definition
| Fibromyalgia. Treat with TCA and exercise. |
|
|
Term
| How do you differentiate MGUS from MM? |
|
Definition
| MGUS does not have renal insufficiency, hypercalcemia, anemia, or lytic bone lesions. |
|
|
Term
| What antibodies are associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibodies are associated with Grave's disease? |
|
Definition
| Thyroid stimulating immunoglobilins |
|
|
Term
| Anti-mitochondrial antibodies? |
|
Definition
| Primary Billary Cirrhosis |
|
|
