Term
| Bacterial Structure: Mediates the adherence of bacteria to surface of cell wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial Structure: Protects against phagocytosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial Structure: provides rigid support to bacterial cell and protects against osmotic pressure differences |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial Structure: space b/w the inner and outer cellular membranes in gram (-) bacteria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial Structure: bacterial form which provides resistance to dehydration, heat, and chemicals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial Structure: forms attachment b/w two bacteria during transfer of DNA material (aka conjugation) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial Structure: genetic material w/in bacteria that contains genes antibiotic resistance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? inhibits ACh release and causes flaccid paralysis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? Lecithinase that causes gas gangrene |
|
Definition
| c. perfringins (alpha toxin) |
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? Inhibits the inhibitor of adenylate cyclase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? Stimulates adenylate cyclase, Cl and H20 into gut, diarrhea |
|
Definition
| cholera toxin and heat labile toxin of ETEC |
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? Destroys leukocytes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? Composed of edema factor, lethal factor, and protective antigen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? Causes Scarlet Fever |
|
Definition
| erythtogenic/pyrogenic toxin of strep |
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? Causes toxic shock syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? Inactivates EF-2 |
|
Definition
| Corynobacterium diptheria (pseudomembranous pharyngitis) |
|
|
Term
| What exotoxin? Blocks the release of the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which staph aureus toxin? hemolysis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which staph aureus toxin? sphingomyelinase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Effect of staph aureus toxin? Proteins A,B,C of gamma toxin |
|
Definition
A+B=hemolysin
B+C=leukociden (breaks down leukocytes) |
|
|
Term
| Which staph aureus toxin? destroys leukocytes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which staph aureus toxin? food poisoning (vomiting and diarrhea) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which staph aureus toxin? epithelial cell lysis, scalded skin syndrome |
|
Definition
| epidermolytic/exfoliative toxins |
|
|
Term
| Of Streptolysin O and S, which is oxygen stable? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 acute phase cytokines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stain? Cryptococcus neoformans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is MacConkey's agar made up of and what does it grow? |
|
Definition
| bile salt and crystal violet, grows gram (-) and turns pink w/ lactose fermenters? |
|
|
Term
| By what method are plasmids exchanged b/w bacteria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 5 bacteria are encapsulated? |
|
Definition
| Klebsiella, Strep pneumo, H. influenza, Neisseria meningitidis, Salmonella |
|
|
Term
| Name the 2 gram (+), CAT (+), Coag (-) cocci |
|
Definition
| staph epidermis and staph saphrophyticus |
|
|
Term
| Name the 4 gram (+) rods/bacilli |
|
Definition
| clostridium, corynobacterium, listeria, bacillus (Cu-Cumber-Like Bacteria) |
|
|
Term
| gram (+) Cat (-) beta hemolytic cocci? |
|
Definition
Group A strep--pyogenes
Group B strep--agalactiae |
|
|
Term
| gram (+) Cat (-) alpha hemolytic cocci? |
|
Definition
strep pneumo
strep viridans |
|
|
Term
| Name the 2 gram (+) branching filaments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 3 infections does strep agalactiae (Group B) cause om neonates? |
|
Definition
| sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia |
|
|
Term
| What type of strep viridans is most prominant in dental plaques? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 bugs can cause cellulitis? |
|
Definition
| staph aureus and strep pyogenes |
|
|
Term
| Which strep is indicated in glomerulonephritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic causes "red man's syndrome"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What b-lactamase resistant drug is added to amoxicillin to increase its efficacy? |
|
Definition
| Clauvanic acid + amoxicillin = augmentin |
|
|
Term
| Which antibacterials increase the nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic is called the "aminoglycoside pretender"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic do you treat syphilis with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the single dose treatment for gonorrhea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 gram (-) oxidase (+) cocci? Which one ferments maltose? |
|
Definition
| Neisseria Meningitidis (ferments) and Neisseria gonorrhea (does NOT ferment). |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 gram (-) rods that ferment lactose. |
|
Definition
| Klebsiella, E. coli, and Serratia |
|
|
Term
| What is the only non-fermenting gram (-) rod that is oxidase positive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 3 gram (-) rods that are nonfermenters and are oxidase (-) |
|
Definition
| shigella, salmonella, and proteus |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 gram (-) "coccoid" rods? |
|
Definition
| H. Influenzae, Bordatella Pertussis, Brucella, and Pasteurella (negative Bruce is Bored with the Flu in a Pasture) |
|
|
Term
| What zoonotic bacteria is associated with a cat scratch? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What zoonotic bacteria is associated with dog/cat bites? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What zoonotic bacteria is associated with puppy feces? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What zoonotic bacteria is associated with animal urine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What zoonotic bacteria is associated with rat bites? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you stain Legionella pneumoniae with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? Osteomyelitis in a pt w/ Diabetes Mellitus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? Sepsis, DIC, adrenal hemorrhage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? 5 y/o w/ drooling, pharyngitis, and thumb sign on X-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? Alcoholic with aspiration pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? Child w/ new puppy develops abdominal pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 enzymes to obligate anaerobes lack? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? burn wound infxn |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? Motile organism that causes UTI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? Life threatening meningitis and PURPURA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? Common cause of both pneumonia and UTI's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gram (-) bacteria? Corneal infxns in contact lens wearers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common organism in the large intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 pathologies come to mind when you see bilateral bells palsy? |
|
Definition
| Lyme Dz and Guillan-Barre |
|
|
Term
| What are the toxicities of Vancomycin? hint: "NOT" |
|
Definition
| Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity, Thrombophlebitis |
|
|
Term
| What are the main toxicities of Aminoglycosides? Hint: "NOT" |
|
Definition
| Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity, Teratogen |
|
|
Term
| What are the 30s protein synthesis inhibitors? |
|
Definition
| "AT"...A-Aminoglycosides, T-Tetracyclines |
|
|
Term
| What are the 50s protein synthesis inhibitors? |
|
Definition
| "CCLE" Clindamycin, Chloramphenicol, Linezolid, Erythromycin (macrolides) |
|
|
Term
| What should you never take with Tetracyclines? |
|
Definition
| milk, antacids, divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+,Fe2+, etc) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 major clinical uses of macrolides? |
|
Definition
| "PUS"...Pneumonia, UTI's, and STDs |
|
|
Term
| What 2 groups of antibiotics are associated w/ "N-O-T" toxicity? |
|
Definition
| Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity and Thrombophlebitis (Vancomycin) OR Teratogen (Aminoglycosides) |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of floroquinolones? What is the MOA? |
|
Definition
| Inhibits DNA gyrase...causes tendonitis in adults and muscle cramps and myalgias in kids |
|
|
Term
| Produces a myonecrotic lecithiase (Phospholipase C) that lyses erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells |
|
Definition
| Alpha toxin of Clostridium perfringens (gas gangrene) |
|
|
Term
| How does Parvovirus often present in adults (ie. schoolteacher)? |
|
Definition
| Arthralgias and arthritis similar to Rheumatoid Arthritis (lasts 1-2 wks) |
|
|
Term
| Coughing episodes followed by a rapid/deep inspiration of air? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which rickettsial sp has properties unique f/ other rickettsiae? What are these differences? |
|
Definition
| Coxiella (Q fever)... NO vector, NO rash, NO Weil-Felix rxn...spores are aerosolized |
|
|
Term
| What do you treat Chlamydial infxns with? |
|
Definition
| Macrolides or tetracyclines |
|
|
Term
| What mycobacterial spp causes pulmonary TB-like symptoms in COPD pts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the rickettsial traid of symptoms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name one virus and one bacteria that cause high titers of cold agglutinins |
|
Definition
| mycoplasma pneumonia and EBV ...(IgM) |
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic would you use to treat mycoplasma pneumoniae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic would you use to treat Rocky Mtn Spotted Fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic would you use to treat early Lyme Dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic would you use to treat late Lyme Dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic would you use to treat Syphilis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic would you use to treat Leprosy (3 dugs) |
|
Definition
| RCD... Rifampin + Clofazamine + Dapsone |
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic increases to nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 1st generation cephalosporins used for? |
|
Definition
| "PEcK +"...Proteus, E.coli, Klebsiella and gram (+) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2nd generation cephalosporins used for? |
|
Definition
| "HEN PEcK +"... H.flu, Enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E.coli, Klebsiella, Serratia and gram (+) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3rd generation cephalosporins used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two conditions is Cefepime used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 3 bacteria are known for forming spores? |
|
Definition
| clostridium, anthracis bacillis, coxiella |
|
|
Term
| Which 2 bacteria are know for being obligate intracellular bacteria? Why? |
|
Definition
| Rickettsia and chlamydia (can't make their own ATP) |
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Found in SW U.S., including West Texas and California |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Found in Mississippi and Ohio River basins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Causes "San Joaquin Valley Fever" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Found in rural Latin America |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Assoc'd w/ plant thorns and superficial injury |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Found in states east of the Mississippi River |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Found in bird and bat droppings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? mold form contains barrel-shaped arthroconidia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? broad based budding of yeast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Multiple budding of yeast form |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Causes diaper rash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? septate hyphae at 45 degree angles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? non-septate hyphae at 90 degree angles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? yeast known for causing meningitis in AIDS pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? "Cauliflower skin lesions" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fungus? Ascending lymphangitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you treat sporothrix infections with? (2) |
|
Definition
| Itroconazole or potassium iodide |
|
|
Term
| Name 5 infections that are associated with birds... |
|
Definition
1. cyptococcus
2. histoplasmosis
3. chlamydia psittacii
4. H1N1 (Avian flu)
5. West Nile Virus |
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? interferes w/ microtubule formation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? "swish and swallow" for oral candidiasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? cell wall synthesis inhibitor used in invasive aspergillosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? binds ergosterol, makes pores in the membrane |
|
Definition
| Amphotericin B and nystatin |
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? Inhibits ergosterol synthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? most common treatment for onychomycosis (2) |
|
Definition
| griseofulvin or terbinafine |
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? side effects include arrhythmias and nephrotoxicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? Deposits in keratin-containing tissues |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? Inhibits hormone synthesis and cytochrome P450 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? side effect is liver dysfunction (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? teratogenic/carcinogenic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? used for cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS pts |
|
Definition
| fluconazole (or itrathecal Amphotericin B) |
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? converted to fluorouracil, inhibits DNA synthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? DOC for sporotrichosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? can be used intrathecally for fungal meningitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antifungal? INDUCES P450 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protozoa? causes malaria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protozoa? most common protzoal infxn in U.S. (2) |
|
Definition
| giardia and trich vaginalis |
|
|
Term
| What protozoa? Cause of Chagas Dz |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protozoa? Amoebic dysentary |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protozoa? African Sleeping sickness |
|
Definition
| Tryp rhodensis or gambiense |
|
|
Term
| What protozoa? diarrhea in campers and hikers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protozoa? transmitted by sandflies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protozoa? Patient who visited Mexico presents w/ bloody stool |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protozoa? can lead to liver damage and jaundice |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Malaria life-cycle stage? looks like a diamond ring |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Malaria life-cycle stage? ruptures the cell host |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Malaria life-cycle stage? replicating intracellularly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Malaria life-cycle stage? Form injected by the anopheles mosquito |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Malaria life-cycle stage? banana-shaped |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? most common helminthic infxn in the U.S... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? Snail host, "swimmer's itch" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? Most common predisposing factor for bladder cancer in 3rd world countries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? contracted by eating undercooked fish and causes an inflammation of the biliary tract |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? enters into the skin f/ soil and goes f/ blood to lungs until coughed up and swallowed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? roundworm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? contracted by eating undercooked crabmeat and causes inflammation and secondary bacterial infxn of the lung |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? pork tapeworm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? lymphatic filariasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which helminth? adult pt f/ mexico w/ new onset seizures and brain calcifications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you treat Leishmaniasis with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you treat most all flukes and tapeworms with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you treat Chagas' dz with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you treat pediculosis capitus with? (2) |
|
Definition
| Permethrin cream or pyrethin |
|
|
Term
| What infxn is transmitted by the tsetse fly? |
|
Definition
| Tryp. gabensi and rhodense (African Sleeping sickness) |
|
|
Term
| Extotoxin usually presents with early neurological symptoms of the cranial nerves...ie. decreased gag reflex and blurry vision |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dx? Immigrant f/ Nicaragua presents with difficulty swallowing and constipation. She is tacchycardic and shows a heart block in EKG |
|
Definition
| Chagas Dz (Trypanosoma cruzi) |
|
|
Term
| Dx? Little boy with normal thymic shadow, but increased susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes heterophile negative mono? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gram (+) rod with tumbling motility? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dx? Woman in a riverside village comes to clinic w/ itchy hyperpigmented skin lesions. She also has decreased visual accuity in he right eye |
|
Definition
| Onchocerciasis (River Blindness)..caused by nematode (roundworm) |
|
|
Term
| Dx? Woman gets intensely itchy skin after wading in a freshwater river in Africa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the pneumonic for the bugs that tetracyclines are used to treat? What does it stand for? |
|
Definition
| "VACUUM THe BedRoom"... Vibrio, Acne, Chlamydia, Ureplasma, Urealyticum, Mycoplasma pneumonia, Tularemia, H.pylori, Borrelia burgdorferi, Rickettsia |
|
|
Term
| What is the pneumonic for the use of macrolides? What does it stand for? |
|
Definition
| "USA"...URI's, STDs, and Atypical pneumonias |
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? erythema infectiosum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? heterophil(+) mononucleosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? can cause conjunctivitis or diarrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? enlarged cell w/ owl's eye inclusions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? identified w/ a Pap smear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? milkmaid blisters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? gingivostomatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Burkitt's Lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Hides in the sensory ganglia of S2 and S3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Hides in the trigeminal ganglia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Hides in the dorsal root ganglia (3) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Viral family of JC virus |
|
Definition
Jesus cured polio
DNA: poliomavirus |
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Downey cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? human progressive multifocal leukencephalopathy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Oral hairy leukoplakia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the only DNA virus that is NOT double stranded? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the only DNA virus that does not replicate in the nucleus? |
|
Definition
| Pox (carries own DNA-dependent RNA-polymerase) |
|
|
Term
| What is the pneumonic for the DNA viruses and what does it stand for? |
|
Definition
| "HHAPPPPy"...Hepadna, Herpes, Adeno, Pox, Parvo, Papilloma, Polyoma (jc) |
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? roseola |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Heterophil-negative mononucleosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? hand, foot, and mouth disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? "break bone fever" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? characteristic barking seal cough |
|
Definition
| RNA: Croup (parainfluenza) |
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? African hemorrhagic fever |
|
Definition
| RNA: Ebola, Marburg (filoviruses) |
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? "common cold" (2) |
|
Definition
| RNA: coronavirus, rhinovirus |
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Fever, jaundice, black vomit |
|
Definition
| RNA: Yellow fever (flavivirus) |
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? childhood diarrhea in winter months |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? asthma sounding infxn in infants (esp. premies) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? Aseptic meningitis in summer months (3) |
|
Definition
| RNA: Echovirus and coxsackie (both are picomaviruses)...also enterovirus |
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? tourniquet test in the field helps to dx hemorrhagic dz |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the virus and is it DNA or RNA? infects motor neurons of the anterior horn (2) |
|
Definition
| RNA: Poliovirus and West Nile Virus |
|
|
Term
| A 25 yo man w/ squamous cell carcinoma of the penis has exposure to what virus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A 20 yo college student presents w/ lymphadenopathy, fever, and hepatosplenomegaly. His serum agglutinates sheep RBC's. What type of cells are infected? |
|
Definition
| EBV...Although abnormal T cells are seen, B cells are the cells that are infected |
|
|
Term
| How does rabies virus travel through the CNS so that it can cause fatal encephalitis w/ seizures? |
|
Definition
| Travels retrograde, UP neurons |
|
|
Term
| What are the lymphoangiogenic growth factors/cytokines associated w/ Kaposi's sarcoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What viral infxn will show a "steeple sign" on xray? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is given as passive immunizations to prevent RSV bronchiolitis in premature infants in winter months? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antiviral(s)? prophylaxis for influenza A (2) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antiviral(s)? Inhibits CMV DNA polymerase (2) |
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Definition
| Gancyclovir and Foscarnet |
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Term
| Which antiviral(s)? used in treatment for Chronic Hep C (2) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antiviral(s)? first-line for HSV or EBV |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antiviral(s)? Blocks viral penetration and uncoating (2) |
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Definition
| Amantadine and Rimantadine |
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Term
| Which antiviral(s)? Inhibits DNA polymerase when phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase (class) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antiretroviral? CCR5 Antagonist (inhibits gp120 conformational change) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antiretroviral? Inhibits HIV-1 integrase enzyme |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? SE: lactic acidosis |
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Definition
| NRTI's (**EXCEPT for abacavir) |
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Term
| What is the only NRTI that does not cause lactic acidosis? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? SE: GI intolerance (1 class, 1 drug) |
|
Definition
- Protease Inhibitors
- Zidovudine |
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Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? Cause pancreatitis (4) |
|
Definition
NRTI: Stavudine, Didanosine, Zalcitabine
PI: Ritonavir |
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Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? SE: Peripheral neuropathy |
|
Definition
"DSZ...Dead Sensory Zone"
NRTI: Didanosine, Stavudine,Zalcitabine |
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Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? SE: Megaloblastic anemia |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? SE: rash (class) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? SE: hypErglycemia, diabetes Mel, lipid abnormalities (3) |
|
Definition
PI: Saquinavir, Indinavir, Amprenavir
("Amps Indians to Sasquatches") |
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Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? bone marrow suppression |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? Given to pregnant women w/ HIV (2) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? Regimen for occupational HIV exposure (2) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antiretroviral(s)? Inhibits cyt P450 (class) |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What causes the "thumb sign" on Xray? |
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Definition
| Epiglottitis (H. influenza) |
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|
Term
| Which antiviral inhibits CMV DNA polymerase? (2) |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What does it mean? (-)HBsAg, (+)HBsAb, (+)HBcAb |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does it mean? (-)HBsAg, (-)HBsAb, (+)HBcAb |
|
Definition
| Window period (in window period all you will see is HBcAb...you have a current hx) |
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Term
| What does it mean? (+)HBsAg, (-)HBsAb, (+)HBcAb-IgM |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What does it mean? (+)HBsAg, (-)HBsAb, (+)HBcAb-IgG |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What does it mean? (-)HBsAg, (+)HBsAb, (-)HBcAb |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 HIV envelope proteins and what are the drugs that interfere with them? |
|
Definition
1. gp41: Enfurvatide
2. gp120: Maravirac |
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|
Term
| What infectious agent? food poisoning as a result of mayonnaise sitting out too long |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What infectious agent? diarrhea caused by gram (-) nonmotile organism that does NOT ferment lactose |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What infectious agent? rice-water stools |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What infectious agent? Diarrhea caused by C or S-shaped organism |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? diarrhea caused by gram (-) MOTILE organism that does NOT ferment lactose |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? diarrhea caused by gram (-) lactose fermenting bacteria, no fever |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? can cause interstitial pneumonia among bird handlers |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? most common cause of pneumonia in children 1yo or younger |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? Most common cause of pneumonia (2) in neonates (<28days) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? Most common cause of viral pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? Endogenous flora in 20% of adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? Pontiac fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? Common pneumonia in ventilator pts and CF pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? "strawberry cervix" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? Triangular flagellated moving organisms on a wet prep after a Pap smear |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the infectious agent? clue cells |
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Definition
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Term
| An adolescent presents w/ cough and rust-colored sputum, what does the gram stain of the sputum show? |
|
Definition
| gram (+) diplococci....strep pneumo |
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|
Term
| An older male pt has blood in his urine and renal stones. What organism is most likely for the pts stones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 most common causes of UTI's? |
|
Definition
1. e.coli
2. staph saphrolyticus
3. proteus
4. klebsiella |
|
|
Term
| What is the pneumonic for microbes that can pass f/ the mother to the fetus and what are they? |
|
Definition
| "TORCHeS"... Toxo, parvO, Rubella, CMV, HIV/Herpes, Syphilis |
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|
Term
| What would the pressure, protein, and glucose look like in a pt w/ TB meningitis |
|
Definition
| (same as fungal)...high pressure, high protein, low glucose, high lymphocytes |
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|
Term
| Which antiretroviral class? "--navir" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What SE is common to all protease inhibitors? |
|
Definition
| Inhibits p450 and causes GI disturbances |
|
|
Term
| What SE is common to all NNRTI's? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antiretroviral class? "--VIR--" |
|
Definition
| NNRTI's (neVIRapine, delaVIRdine, efaVIRenz) |
|
|
Term
| Name the 6 live attenuated vaccines |
|
Definition
| "MMR, Sabine has small yellow chickens" MMR, Sabin's polio, Smallpox, Yellow fever, chickenpox, Intranasal flu |
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|
Term
| What are Councilman cells and what do they indicate? |
|
Definition
| Apoptotic liver cells; they indicate viral hepatitis such as caused by Yellow Fever |
|
|
Term
| What part of the viral life cycle is blocked by amantadine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the viral life cycle is blocked by acyclovir? |
|
Definition
| Nucleotide synthesis (blocks viral DNA polymerase) |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 antibiotic classes that are safe during pregnancy |
|
Definition
| Penicillns, Cephalosporins, Macrolides, Nitrofurantoin |
|
|
Term
| Which antibiotic? SE: cartilage damage in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antibiotic? SE: tendonitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antibiotic? Treatment for gram (-) rods in pts w/ renal insufficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antibiotic? used as solo prophylaxis against TB |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which DNA viral family? Brick-shaped complexes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is the only DNA virus that does not replicate in the nucleus? Where and how does it replicate? |
|
Definition
| Poxvirus: carries its own DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Replicates in the cytoplasm |
|
|
Term
| What is Scarlet fever caused by and how does it present? |
|
Definition
| strep pyogenes: Erythematous sandpaper-like rash with fever and sore throat, "strawberry tongue" |
|
|
Term
| Bacterial genetics: involves the transfer of a portion of DNA from one bacterium to the chromosome of another bacterium by means of a viral infection |
|
Definition
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