Term
Drug trials phases I, II, III, and IV measure what? for each |
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Definition
I = safety, toxicity, pharmakinetics
II = dosing, efficacy, side effects
III = compares to current Tx
IV = after approval by FDA measures long term adverse effects |
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Term
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Definition
True pos /(true pos + false neg) |
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Term
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Definition
True neg / (true neg + false pos) |
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Term
pos predictive value formula |
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Definition
true pos / (true pos + false pos)
**whole formula is of Positives |
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Term
neg predictive value formula |
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Definition
True neg / (true neg + false neg)
** whole formula is of negatives |
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Term
| what does odds ratio measure or tell you about a study? |
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Definition
the odds of having DZ in exposed group divided by odds having the same DZ in a non-exposed group.
Is from a retrospective case-control study. |
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Term
| what does relative risk measure / mean about a study? |
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Definition
is the relative probablility of getting a DZ in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group.
(% w/ dz in exposed group) / (% w/ DZ in unexposed) = RR
Is in a prospective cohort study |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| subject's recall is changed by them knowing if they have the disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| the effect of one factor distorts / confuses the effect of another factor |
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Term
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Definition
| detection of the DZ early is confused with an extended survival |
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Term
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Definition
researchers' belief in the Tx changes the outcome
-like self fulfilling prophecy |
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Term
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Definition
| group being studied knows they're being watched, so they change their behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| like a false positive - states that there is an effect or difference when none exists |
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Term
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Definition
like false negative
reports there is no effect / difference, when there is a difference |
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Term
| As sample size (n) increases what happens to the SEM (standard error of the mean), and what happens to the standard deviation? |
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Definition
Standard error of the mean gets smaller
Standard deviation stays the same |
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Term
1) t-test
2) ANOVA
3) χ2 tests
What does each compare |
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Definition
1) the difference b/w two means
2) diff b/w the means of 3 or more groups
3) diff b/w 2 or more percentages or proportions of categorical outcomes |
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Term
| medicare vs medicaid - who gets which? |
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Definition
medicarE is Elderly
medicaiD is Destitute/ low income |
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Term
| medicare parts A, B, C, D - what do they cover? |
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Definition
A is inpatient hospital/nursing/hospice
B is outpatient / PT
C is combo in/out pt (A&B)
D is drug perscription |
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Term
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Definition
points (0,1,2)
Appearance (blue, pink trunk, all pink)
Pulse (0, <100, >100)
Grimace (none, grimace, grimace & cough)
Activity (limp, some, active)
Respiration (none, irregular, regular) |
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Term
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Definition
points (0,1,2)
Appearance (blue, pink trunk, all pink)
Pulse (0, <100, >100)
Grimace (none, grimace, grimace & cough)
Activity (limp, some, active)
Respiration (none, irregular, regular) |
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Term
| Sleep stages with EEG characteristics |
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Definition
Beta (0) - awake, highest freq lowest amp
Alpha (1)- higher amp spikes, lower freq
Theta (2)- Sleep spindles, K complex
Delta (3&4)- lowest freq, highest amp spikes. night terrors, sleep walk, bed wet
Beta (REM)- high freq low amp again, dreaming, erection, increased brain oxygen use, ACh is main neurotransmit. Happens every 90 min. |
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Term
| sleep changes of depression |
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Definition
*early morning awakening* - impt screen
less slow wave, more and earlier REM
night awakening |
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Term
| at what stage do people pee the bed or sleep walk? |
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Definition
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Term
| at what sleep stage does the heart rate increase and why? |
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Definition
| Beta REM stage, heart rate is up because the brain increases oxygen use. |
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Term
| what stage of sleep do night terrors happen? |
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Definition
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