Term
| Lincoln’s ten percent plan |
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Definition
All southerners (except high-ranking Confederate officials) could get a full pardon and restoration of rights after taking loyalty pledge to Union & accepting the end of slavery
could vote in elections that would create new state governments/state constitutions
After, state would be eligible for representation in Congress and readmitted to the Union |
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Term
| assassination of Lincoln (April 14, 1865) |
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Definition
Lincoln was assassinated while attending a performance at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C.
The assassin, John Wilkes Booth, escaped with a broken leg, but he was shot later. Lincoln was succeeded by his vice president, Andrew Johnson. |
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Term
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Definition
Southern sympathizer during the Civil War
shot Lincoln at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C.
Escaped, but was later shot and killed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ex parte Milligan (1866) Supreme Court case
limited authority of martial law and the suspension of habeas corpus in times of war
Court declared that "martial law can never exist where the courts are open in the proper and unobstructed exercise of their jurisdiction" |
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Term
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Definition
Group of Republicans unhappy with the corruption/policies of Grant’s administration
Leaders = Carl Schurz, Horace Greely, and Charles Sumner
nominated Greeley for president (Grant won reelection despite the corruption within his administration and his poor leadership) |
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Term
| Wade-Davis bill, veto, Wade Davis Manifesto |
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Definition
| 1864 - called for a stricter form of Reconstruction than Lincoln's After Lincoln pocket vetoed this bill, radicals sought to displace him, issued Wade-Davis Manifest = Congress is responsible for Reconstruction |
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Term
| Joint Committee on Reconstruction |
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Definition
Congress committee w/ leaders of both houses
led Cong Reconstruction after Recon Acts of 1867 were passed |
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Term
| Reconstruction acts, 1867 |
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Definition
divided Confed states (except Tennessee) into 5 military districts
commanders in districts oversaw constitutional conventions & creation of state constitutions
would last until states created new constitutions that included black suffrage, the permanent disfranchisement of Confederate leaders, and ratification of the 14th Amendment |
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Term
| conquered territory theory |
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Definition
| southern states which seceded from the Union to form the Confederate States of America should be treated as if they were territories conquered from a foreign nation |
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Term
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Definition
involved Civil War bonds used by Texas
held that states in rebellion did not lose their existence or identity, also declared secession unconstitutional |
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Term
| the unreconstructed South |
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Definition
| failure of Reconstruction to permanently reform the South |
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Term
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Definition
white Southerner who joined Repub party during Recon
considered traitors to the Southern cause, condemned by Southern Democrats |
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Term
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Definition
Northerners who went to South during Recon
carried their belongings in carpetbags, most intended to settle in the South and make money there
AfAm vote won them important posts in Republican state governments |
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Term
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Definition
desire of Radical Republicans (ex. Thaddeus Stevens) to carry out land redistribution in South
wanted to subdivide confiscated land and distribute it among freedmen.
failed in Congress/state legislatures. |
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Term
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Definition
| local laws intended to force African-Americans to continue working as plantation laborers |
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Term
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Definition
organization formed by ex-Confeds, led by Nathan B. Forrest
founded in the South in 1866 to Recon
used disguises, rituals, whippings and lynchings, to terrorize AfAms & supporters |
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Term
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Definition
leader of radical Repubs’ Recon program
South = conquered provinces
sincerely desired betterment of AfAm lives
proposed 14th Amend |
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Term
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Definition
aggressive abolitionist, physically assaulted by Preston Brooks after making a strong antislavery speech
one of the leaders of the radical Repubs’ Recon program and was also an active participant in the impeachment of Andrew Johnson |
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Term
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Definition
Pres, denounced by radical Repubs for his Reconstruction program
tried to force Stanton out of office, RadRepubs impeached him for violation of the Tenure of Office Act
Remained pres by 1 vote |
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Term
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Definition
furnished food/medical supplies to blacks/needy whites
concerned with regulation of wages and working conditions, schools, and distribution of land |
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Term
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Definition
Civil War general who took part in Bull Run, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chattanooga campaign
commissioner of the Freedmen’s Bureau after the war
unable to prevent many abuses to freedmen, but managed to provided needed food and medical and employment aid to many people |
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Term
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Definition
attempted to redress the issue of slavery by defining all persons born in the nation as citizens
specified the rights of citizens, the right to sue, make contracts, give evidence in court, hold, convey, and inherit property |
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Term
| Thirteenth Amendment (1865) |
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Definition
prohibited "slavery or involuntary servitude except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted"
guaranteed freedom for African Americans |
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Term
| Fourteenth Amendment (1868) |
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Definition
no state can make or enforce any law which "deprives any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law"
could not "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws" |
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Term
| Fifteenth Amendment (1870) |
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Definition
| forbid denial of the right to vote for citizens "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude" |
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Term
| Tenure of Office Act (1867) |
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Definition
prohibited the president from dismissing any cabinet member or other federal officeholder whose appointment had required the consent of the Senate unless the Senate agreed to the dismissal
Johnson’s violation of this act caused the impeachment crisis |
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Term
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Definition
Salmon Chase = 6th chief justice of the Supreme Court and an abolitionist
presided over the impeachment trial of President Johnson
as Secretary of Treasury = created a national bank system |
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Term
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Definition
Edwin Stanton = secretary of war under Lincoln during the Civil War
dismissal by Johnson led to impeachment of President Johnson in 1868 |
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Term
| Hiram R. Revels, Blanche K. Bruce |
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Definition
first two AfAm politicians to serve a full term in US Senate
both representatives from Mississippi
only two African-American Senators during Reconstruction |
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Term
| Compromise of 1877 (Corrupt Bargain) |
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Definition
primarily worked out behind the scenes
-Rutherford B. Hayes would bring an end to Reconstruction throughout the south if he took office
-intended to provide financial subsidies to the South
-took troops out of South |
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