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-teachings and doctrine of John Calvin (leader in the Protestant reformation)
-rejects predestination,
-Puritan colonies were based on Calvinist doctrine |
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| Church of England/Anglican church |
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-established church in Eng
-founded in 1534 by Henry VIII after a dispute with the Roman Catholic church over the annulment of his marriage which culminated in the Act of Supremacy, declaring the King to be the head of the church |
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-agreement made by the Pilgrims in 1620 when they landed at Plymouth
-created the Plymouth colony and made a civil government under James I based on the will of the colonists
-was important in the early organization and success of the colony |
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-2nd governor of Plymouth colony in Massachusetts
-important in the organization and success of the colony |
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-original group of puritan separatists that fled religious persecution in England and found refuge in Massachusetts
-sailed across the Atlantic and reached America in 1620 where they founded the Plymouth colony and organized a government based on the Mayflower compact |
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Definition
-Reform movement in Anglican church in 16th/17th centuries
-aimed to purify church of corruption
-split into separatists(wanted to end ties with the established church) and non-separatists
-seeking religious freedom was a strong motivation for colonies in America |
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-extremely similar in most practices and beliefs
-Pilgrims = group of puritans who were not only against the Anglican church but called for total separation from the church |
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Definition
-colony created by the Massachusetts Bay Company
-under the leadership of John Winthrop,
-created to provide the world with a model Christian society
-created in 1630 and governed through a General Court selected by church members |
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-name given to the Puritan society that was to be created in the New World
-John Winthrop planned to create a utopian society based on Puritanism that would have no class distinction and would stress the importance of community and church
-society was to be an example to all the world of what could be achieved |
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-plan used in 1629 to colonize America by allowing immigration of puritan settlers who would control the government and the charter of the Massachusetts Bay company
-agreement was based on the creation of a market for trade but instead developed a religiously based government |
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-1st governor and one of the founders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
-played a key role in the puritan migration and intended to create a utopian society in America
-City Upon a Hill speech |
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Term
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Definition
-High standing members of the church who gained recognition and were put on a council that governed the congregation
-to become a saint the person had to be a member of the congregation and have been chosen by the church council |
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| The Puritan dominance of New England and their desire to create a utopian society based on their doctrine created a distinct society in New England |
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| Christian Theology that stressed that a agreement was made by God with humans with the death of Jesus for the salvation of mankind |
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Definition
Part of the Massachusetts Puritans practice, it was a requirement of new members
required that any member of the congregation must go through an examination before the congregation. Because of its unpleasantness, later generations did not go accept it and the half-way covenant was adopted. |
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| Protestant organizational system based on the freedom of each church to control its affairs. Part of the strong independence of the colonies. |
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Definition
-agreement and plan formed by Puritans before they landed in 1629
-source for the Puritans of the government and organization for their colony
-established a government under the authority of the King of England |
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Term
| Contrast Puritan Colonies with others |
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Definition
| Because most colonies were created with financial or political gains in mind, puritan colonies had a special distinction from them. The puritans came to American seeking religious freedom and had a strong work ethic enabling them to achieve a success not seen in other colonies. |
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| Anne Hutchinson, antinomianism |
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Definition
Early New England religious leader who founded the doctrine of antinomianism, the belief that the Gospel frees Christians from required obedience to laws.
Quaker, banished to Rhode Island in 1637 for her belief in antinomianism and her insistence on salvation by faith and not works. |
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| Roger Williams, Rhode Island |
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Definition
-Early colonial clergyman who founded the religiously tolerant colony of Rhode Island in 1636
-banished from Massachusetts for his belief in religious freedom, he established a colony at Providence in 1636 that tolerated all dissenters and was in good relations with the Natives |
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| Massachusetts School Law (Old Deluder Act of 1647) |
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Definition
| step towards creating a universal education system |
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Definition
| a practice among the Congregational churches of New England, between 1657 and 1662, of permitting baptized persons of moral life and orthodox faith to enjoy all the privileges of church membership, save the partaking of the Lord's Supper. They were also allowed to present their children for baptism |
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| Church located in Boston, Mass. Completed in 1699. Thomas Brattle, a wealthy merchant and official of Harvard College organized the church against the will of Cotton Mather because of its closeness to the Church of England. The Church was strongly opposed to the Salem Witchcraft trials in 1692. |
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| Salem Witch Trials (1692) |
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The fear of witchcraft that came to a head in the 1691-1963, especially boiling over in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692.
This fear ended with the death of many innocent women. Most of the women were middle aged wives or widows. Many implicated others for fear of their lives. The Salem Witch Trials pinpointed the underlying tension that was coming to head in many colonies due to religion and social standings. |
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