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US Physics (Edelman)
The Ten Commandments of Intensity
18
Physics
Professional
06/20/2011

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Term
1. Intensities may be reported in various ways with respect to
Definition
time and space
Term
2. The different measurements of intensities are important in the study of
Definition
bioeffects
Term
2. The most relevant intensity with respect to tissue heating
Definition
SPTA
Term
3. All intensities have units of
Definition
watts/cm2
Term
4. The highest intensity measurement is
Definition
SPTP
because peak measurements are more intense that average measurements
Term
4. The lowest intensity measurement is
Definition
SATA because average intensities have the lowest value
Term
5. The beam uniformity coefficient (SP/SA factor) describes
Definition
the spread of a beam in space, it is unitless, with a value of 1 or greater
Term
6. Duty factor describes
Definition
the relationship of beam intensities with time, it is unitless with a value between 0 and 1
Term
7. For continuous wave ultrasound the beam is
Definition
always on and the pulse average and temporal average intensities are the same
SPTA = SPPA and SATA = SAPA
Term
8. When pulsed and continuous wave sound beams have the same SPTP intensities the higher intensity is
Definition
continuous wave has the higher SPTA intensity
Term
8. When pulsed and continuous wave sound beams have the same SATP intensities, the highest intensity is
Definition
the continuous wave which has higher SATA intensity
Term
9. Temporal peak intensity
Itp
Definition
is maximum in time
Term
9. Im
intensity is averaged over the
Definition
most intense half-cycle
Term
9. Pulse average intensity
Ipa
is
Definition
averaged only during the pulse duration (on time only)
Term
9. Temporal average intensity

Ita is
Definition
averaged during the PRP (both the on and off times)
Term
10. Spatial peak intensity
Isp
is
Definition
the maximum in space
Term
10. Spatial average intensity
Isa
is
Definition
averaged over the cross-sectional area of the beam
Term
The rank of intensities from largest to smallest is
Definition
SPTP > Im > SPPA > SPTA > SATA
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