Rape of Nanking (1937, WWII)

• Mass-murder and War-rape after Japan conquers Nanking, former capitol of Republic of China
• During Second Sino-Japanese War Nanking safety zone for foreigners 
• John Rabe, nazi, stayed behind in Nanking
• Chinese took refuge w/ John, saved 200k
• Cutting-off head contest in China
• Imperial Japanese Army were ordered to kill 400k civilians
• Many women were raped b4 executed

Genocide (1933, WWII)

• Deliberate and systematic destruction of ethnic, racial, religious, or national group
• Carried out against Jews by Nazis in Germany led by Adolf Hitler, one of historys most horrifying event
• 6 million Jews died cuz of hatred and discrimination
• Also targeted other specific groups such as Homosexuals, Slavs, Gypsies, the disabled, all who were considered with no future by Nazis

USS Panay (1937)

• American river gunboat anchored outside Nanking  
• Japanese Fighters and bombers sunk the boat killing many civilians in December 1937
• Japan claimed it was an accident and they didnt see American flags, but was caught on film and seemed intentional
• America opinion was then turned against Japan

The "Quarantine Address" (1937)

• Called for International quarantine of aggressor nations as a disease that Us needed to isolate
• FDR said US needs to quarantine Japan in speech and that this placed an embargo on steel and iron, US owned the best steel in Oct 1937
• This made making weapons harder 
• Intensified US isolationist mood

Pearl Harbor (1941)

• Japanese intercepted messages revealed an assault on the Pacific would happen
• No one know knew exactly where it would come
• On Dec 1941, Japanese planes bombed naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii
• Was first attack on American Soil since War of 1812 
• Was a devastating surprise to all, killed 2k US servicemen, 187 aircraft, and 18 naval vessels, and 8 battleships destroyed or damaged
• Forunately, no aircraft were docked then
• Ppl think FDR expected it but did nothing, so US could join war
• Roosevelt asked congress to declare war on Japan on December 7, 1941

Bataan Death March (1942)

• 80 mile march where 60k-80k Americans and filipinos began in 1942
• All marched without food and water as prisoners of Japan to put on railroads to concentration camps lasting 3 days
• Japanese were unprepapered cuz of the high amount of prisoners, forced them to march to Balanga, capital of Bataan, where they would receive supplies
• 10k Filipinos and around 600 Americans died b4 they could reach camp O' Donell

Executive Order 9066 (1942)

• Signed and issued during World War II by the US President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942
• Authorized the Secretary of War to prescribe certain areas as military zones
• Later, it cleared way for deportation of Japanese Americans to imminent camps
• Had to give up all their belongings and lived in the camps for 3 years

Battle of Midway (1942, WWII)

• Most important naval battle of Pacific in WWII in 1942
• One month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, the United States Navy decisively defeated an Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) attack against Midway Atoll, inflicting irreparable damage on the Japanese fleet.
• Last threat to Japan senas battleships to midway
• Japan bombs the island and American planes start to attack fleet, island hopping to get closer
• Japanese planned to eliminate US as a Strategic Power in the Pacific to make East dom easy
• US were able to crack codes to know time and location of attack, so they could ambush Japan
• US overpowered Japan with its advanced aircraft, shipbuilding