Corporate: business oriented

Proprietary: land given by king

Charter: self-governing/dependent on domestic affairs

Royal: owned by king

Royal colony - triangle - 3 sides

what are they?

describe each.

Governor's Council - 12 men, usually appt. by royal governor, loyal local power, chief advisory (cabinet), seconded all appts., served as upperhouse, highest court in colony.

Royal Governor - appt. by king, loyal, appt. all judges in colony, and officials, justices and comm. in chief of local militia, like the judiciary branch.

Local assembly - Function as lowerhouse of legislature, elected by freeman of colony, ability to pose legislation, sole right to initiate money bills, set gov. salary

full rights of citizenship in British empire.

he.

white.

own wealth/land. 

over 21.

theory of trade between a mother country, and it's individual colonies. 

State of the art technology. 

country supplies raw materials to mother country.

mother country supplies processed goods to countries. 

sealed off from foreign places.

regulation of trade within the empire. 

started by O. Cromwell.

encouraged British merchant marine.

1st - Only English ships could transport English goods to colonies.

Cromwell changed to all foreign goods as well. 

2nd - all trade in empire carried by empire ships. 

goods on enumerated list from specific colonies can not be sold outside the empire, but shipped to empire, and then pay a tax to send specific good outside of empire. 

first 3 - sugar, tobacco, cotton

then parliament adds rice, naval stores, copper, iron, hats.

military court, where many of the colonies trials took place pre-war for independence.

guilty until proven innocent.

founder of Quebec.

sees this as key to conquering world.

1. Mercantilism will look like England's

2. need to aquire some west Indian Islands - in the end pick up Martinique and Guadeloupe

3. aquire African coastal ports - slave labor

4. Samual de Champlain - Loius XIV reads Champlain's reports of New France

King Appoints: Person in charge of all civil affairs - governor

military affairs - intendant

in charge of all religious aspects of colonists lives - bishop.

name of french who came to new france. 

experience a complete working over.

blend into new land.

signed by King James II of England and Louis XIV of France.

pledge if England & France go back to war, they'll only kill each other on the European continent.

Global War #1

1689-1697

Colonial name - King William's War

World war name - War of the League of Augsburg

Global war #2

1701 - 1713

Colonial name - Queen Anne's war

World war name - War of the Spanish succession

Treaty of Utrect, 1713

end of Spanish

French lose Acadia to British.

British name Acadia, Novascotia.

British brought men on Acadia to Louisiana and dropped and dropped them off with no supplies.

New Foundland is now British.

Hudson Bay is no British.

Global war #3

1739 - 1741

Colonial name - King George's War

World war name - war of the Austrian Succession

Global war #4

1756-1763

Colonial war - French & Indian War

World war name - 7 year's war

Treaty of Paris

1763

Treaty for end of 7 year's war.

1. all french land east of Mississippi River except New Orleans is now English

2. All French land west of Mississippi River is now Spanish

3. All sugar islands (carribean) are british

4. all of India is English, becomes crown's jewel

part 1. no colonials can cross appalachian mtns.

part 2. colonials can't bu anymore indian land

americans do not like this

this is enforced until american revolution on 1775

Currency Act

1764

By Lord Grenville

Colonists could no longer issue paper money or use old paper $ to pay their debts to England. All inter-Empire trade must be paid by hard currency. this hurt merchants.

Sugar Act

1764

By Lord Grenville

Mutiny Act

(Quartering Act)

part 1 - british regulars who man forts in fronteirs.

part 2 - when they rotate into an american city, an american city will pay for the regulars living quarters, furnish soldiers fundamentals, candles, meals, blankets, salt, and daily liquor. 

Stamp Act

1765

part 1 - levies stamp tax on # of goods. register any legal document, read a newspaper, read a pamplet or magazine, read an almanac, playing cards, dice. only applies to north american colonies.

part 2 - any one caught violating stamp act will be tried in admiralty court.

Stamp Act Congress Framed Joint Statement. 

series of resolutions that only people of colonies are chosen by themself; no tax can be impoesd on them unless in their own colony. 

concluded with asking to repeal stamp act.

this was to hit the british in their most sensitive area -wallet

Townshend acts

1767

passed by parliament

1. initiates indirect tax on glass, lead, paint, paper, tea

2. money from townshend duties will be used to pay for salaries of royal officials in New World. 

3. all this will be paid in gold & silver.

4. establishes in Boston, board of custom commisioners. each tax collector is given the write of assistance to collect tax. 

Intolerable acts

Lord North's reaction to Boston Tea Party

1. Boston Port Bill: Closes Boston Harbor until tea and tax is paid.

2. Massachusettes gov. Act: took self gov away from Mass. no more town meetings, no more democracy, no voting.

3. Administration of Justice Act: any British official charged with a felony in the colonies will be tried in England. 

4. Quebec Act: enlarged colony of Quebec is now extended into ohio valley all the way to the miss. river. roman catholic colony, supported by tax money

1st Continental Congress in Philly

1774

12/13 show up. 

extremists cry independence - led by Patrick Henry

Extreme/kinda need to talk more- led by Washington and John Dickinson. 

agrees with Radicals. suspend all trade with England, all colonies. every state is to form a continental association, will enforce full economic boycott. 

Franco - American Treaty

1778

permanent treaty between France and America

1. If war breaks out between Fr and Br, Fr and US will make "common cause" against Br.

2. Fr recognized Am. independence and when they do it, it's a world war.

3. Kept Fr. to agree to fight until we win our independence. 

4. Fr and US will make peace treaty together with Br.

5. Fr. gives up territorial claims to Br possession

6. Fr & US agree "forever against all other powers" the possessions in western Hemisphere. 

1. england recognizes indep. of US

2. Boundaries are set.

3. Am. fishing fleet can no longer go to Novascotia for cod

4. Am. debt owe 5,000,000 for declaring independence

5&6. protected british loyalists

7. Br. troops in America to be removed with "all convenient speed"

VP - John Adams

Sec. of State - Thomas Jefferson

Sec. of Treasury - Alexander Hamilton

Sec. of War - Henry Knox

for am. revolution, Head of Artillery - Attorney General Edmund Randolph

Judiciary Act of 1789

passed by 1st congress

1. creates a supreme court

2. establishes federal district courts each led by a federal district judge

3. created concept of circuits court appeal

4. gives supreme court to decide constitutionally of state laws 

created by Alexander Hamilton

presented to congress @ recommends that US gov needs to pay Am. debt.

pay off foreign, national, and state debt.

then country can be reconstructed physically

pt1 - federal gov issued bonds

pt 2 - sell western lands, pass a tarriff, excise tax. 

1. French Revolution

2. The Whiskey Rebellion

3. England's bolcades, contraband, and impressment

1. british agree to evacuate forts on frontier

2. england agrees to establish a boundary commission. Br. agree to sign limited commercial

3. treaty with us that will allow am ships to trade in East Indies

4. br. agrees to pay for am. ships from the past - illegally 

1. keep US out of European affairs

2. warns country to never sign a permanent treaty

3. warned against formation of political parties

Sent by John Adams. 

-Charles Coatsworth Pickney

-John Marshall

- Elbridge Gerry

sent to France to negotiate with France.

Talk with Talleyrand - xyz affair

Adams sends O. Ellsworth to France

Ellsworth gets Am. out of Franco - Am treaty and tells France that we won't get in bed with England

1. no one is above the law, including the president

2. judiciary act of 1789 is unconstitutional 

am. would trade with everybody except fr. and br.

when either fr. or br. stops violating am neutral rights, then US will trade with that country

US would trade with both Br. and Fr.

If 1 of those nations drops violations of neutrality, then US will stop trade with other country.

presented by "war hawks" congress

1. impressment

2. br. violations of am. waters

3. orders in council

4. Amerins

end of war of 1812. 

John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, and Albert Gallatin

1823

1. US would not allow any colonization in new world

2. US would recognize 2 spheres of interest

3. Non intervention - not allow any European countries to transport European colonies elsewhere

James Talmadge - idea to bring Missouri into statehood

1. Missouri comes into union as slave state

2. no more slaves would be allowed to come into Missouri

3. All slaves would be set free by age 25 - concept of gradual emancipation

passed in house, not senate

1. Missouri would enter union as a slave state

2. main (at this time part of Mass.) will break off Mass. and join union as free state

3. as of Missouri compromise, all lands in Louisiana Purchase will be free territory

South Carolina Exposition and Protest

by John C. Calhoun

looks at Jefferson's nullification doc., looks at Madison's doc. of state interposition and meshes them. 

States rights - in minority rights in a democracy. 

1. individual can void a federal law within the states boundaries. proof - doc. of nullification.

2. if 1/4 of states nullify the legislation, that federal law is nullified for everyone - concurrent majority. proof - minority rights.

3. if this concurrent majority is still unacceptable to union, then that single state can legally and constitutionally seek divorce from union. proof - compact theory of govt. 

John C. Calhoun, Daniel Webster, Steven A. Douglas, Henry Clay. 

1. California comes in as a free state

2. government organizes Utah & New Mexico - no mention of slavery though

3. Fugitive slave law passed that gives federal marshalls right to return slaves

4. Texas gives back extra land to create today's pan handle.. gets a $10,000,000 check. which pays off debt. 

5. abolished slave trade in D.C.