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US History Unit 16
Reconstruction
27
History
11th Grade
05/23/2007

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Term
The Reconstruction era lasted
Definition
from 1865-1876
Term
"Forty Acres and a Mule"
Definition
compensation that was to be awarded to freed American slaves after the Civil War
Term
13th Amendment
Definition
continues to prohibit, slavery, and, with limited exceptions such as those convicted of a crime, prohibits involuntary servitude
Term
14th Amendment
Definition
requires the states to provide equal protection under the law to all persons (not only to citizens) within their jurisdictions
Term
15th Amendment
Definition
provides that governments in the United States may not prevent a citizen from voting because of his race, color, or previous condition of servitude (slavery)
Term
Presidential Reconstruction
Definition
(1863-1866) controlled by Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson, with the goal of quickly reuniting the country
Term
Radical Reconstruction
Definition
(1866-1873) emphasizing civil rights and voting rights for the Freedmen, backed by the Radical Republicans
Term
Andrew Johnson
Definition
generous in his Reconstruction plan
Term
Tenure of Office Act
Definition
(1867) denied the President of the United States the power to remove from office anyone who had been appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the United States Senate unless the Senate also approved the removal
Term
Freedman's Bureau
Definition
federal agency that was formed during Reconstruction to aid distressed refugees of the American Civil War
Term
Freedman's Bureau
Definition
federal agency that was formed during Reconstruction to aid distressed refugees of the American Civil War
Term
Black Codes
Definition
laws passed on the state and local level in the United States to restrict the civil rights and civil liberties of Black People, particularly former slaves in former Confederate states
Term
Ku Klux Klan
Definition
focused as much on intimidating "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags" as on putting down the freed slaves
Term
sharecropper
Definition
involves a relatively richer owner of the land and a poorer agricultural worker or farmer
Term
tenant farming
Definition
payments to the owner either of a fixed portion of the product, in cash or in a combination
Term
Carpetbaggers
Definition
outsiders attempting to gain political office or economic advantage, especially in areas (thematically or geographically) to which they previously had no connection
Term
Scalawags
Definition
southern, white, republican
Term
"The Unreconstructed South"
Definition
The South's infrastructure had been destroyed - manufacturing had almost ceased. Few banks were solvent and in some areas starvation was imminent. General Sherman had virtually destroyed large areas on his "march to the sea".
Term
1876 Presidential Election
Definition
Hayes v. Tilden
Term
Compromise of 1877
Definition
remove the federal troops that were propping up Republican state governments in South Carolina, Florida and Louisiana
Term
Solid South
Definition
electoral support of the Southern United States for Democratic Party
Term
Jim Crow laws
Definition
mandated "separate but equal" status for black Americans, name originated from blackface performances
Term
lynching
Definition
a favorite of the KKK
Term
Plessy v. Ferguson
Definition
upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation even in public accomodations (particularly railroads), under the doctrine of "separate but equal"
Term
Brown v. Board of Education
Definition
overturned Plessy v. Ferguson
Term
W. E. B. Du Bois
Definition
asserted that the black community should be granted equal rights immediately following the Civil War
Term
Booker T. Washinton
Definition
maintained that the black community should focus its efforts on elevating overall economic (and educational) status
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