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US History Key Terms (SBU)
Lecture 4
8
History
Undergraduate 1
09/15/2011

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Term
King Charles II
Definition
after he is returned to the crown, awards land in the New World to people; put restrictions on colonies: religious tolerance, taxes, and Navigation Act
Term
New Netherlands
Definition
originally Dutch; economy was trade and privateering; when overtaken by the English, became known as New York
Term
New Amsterdam
Definition
capital of New Netherlands (New York); was renamed New York City when English gained control
Term
Oliver Cromwell
Definition
became Lord Protector of England and Scotland when King James II was overthrown; took over Ireland in the 1640s
Term
William Penn
Definition
founder of Pennsylvania; was a Quacker; imposed strict laws; bought the land from the Indians and treated them fairly; was granted Delaware
Term
Quakers
Definition
  • believed in the following: the inner light (God inside), the purpose of life was to cultivate the inner light (become a better person), everyone is equal - child of God, killing - even in war - was a sin

(didn't believe in predestination and baptism)

Term
Pacifism
Definition
the refusal to take up arms or participate in war because of moral or religious beliefs
Term
James Oglethorpe
Definition
in 1732, he secured a charter for a colony in what became Georgia, where debtors could start a new life and persecuted Protestants could practice freely
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