Term
| What law was passed to limit immigration into the US? |
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Definition
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Term
| What phrase was used to describe our concern over a communist revolution in the US? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| T.S. Eliot, one of the authors who propound that morals matter less than circumstances. |
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Term
| What were secret places to buy a drink called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What event prompted Coolidge’s remark about not striking against the public? What was the quote? |
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Definition
| Boston Police Strike; Coolidge was governor in 1919; “There is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anywhere, anytime.” |
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Term
| Who was the black leader who wanted his people to return to Africa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the nickname for the rising stock market? |
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Definition
| Bull Market (as opposed to Bear Market) |
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Term
| What was the nickname of a young woman of the “latest style” in the 20s? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the implementing law for the prohibition amendment? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the nickname for the Scopes Trial and what was it about? |
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Definition
| Monkey Trial; a challenge to the Tennessee law, prohibiting the teaching of evolution. |
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Term
| Who was head of the United Mine Workers? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the phrase given to describe the flowering of black culture in the US in the 20s? |
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Definition
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Term
| What novelist wrote about life in the South? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a famous American educator and philosopher |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the most notorious Chicago gang leader |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the president who succeeded Harding? |
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Definition
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Term
| Did Treasury Secretary Mellon propose lowering or raising taxes and under whose presidency? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the two Italian anarchists who were executed for murder as a result of a controversial trial? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the name for the scandal from the Harding administration? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the opposing nicknames for pro- and anti- prohibition forces? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the opposing legal counsels at the Scopes Trial? Why was this significant? |
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Definition
| Clarence Darrow & William Jennings Bryan; each had an agenda beyond the trial: anti-religion for the former; pro-religion for the latter |
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Term
| Who was president when the stock market crashed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the racist organization that acted against blacks, Catholics and Jews? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote the poem, “Mother to Son” and what was its thrust? |
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Definition
| Langston Hughes; an extended metaphor about how you had to keep on struggling even though life was so hard. |
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Term
| Who wrote “Main Street” and what was its thrust? |
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Definition
| Sinclair Lewis; the iconoclastic treatment of small town America |
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Term
| Who was the first to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the Democrat who ran against Hoover in 1928? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the Attorney General whose raids were looking for communist immigrants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the architect whose most famous house is in Pennsylvania? |
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Definition
| Frank Lloyd Wright (Falling Water) |
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Term
| According to Coolidge, what was the business of America? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was known as the Flivver King? (What’s a flivver?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Who served under Harding and Coolidge as Secretary of Commerce? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were two provisions of the National Origins Act? |
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Definition
- Immigration Number=2% of those here in 1890
- and in 1927 the date became 1920
- with a limit of 150K annually. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What was Rudolph Valentino known for? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the greatest comic in the movies of the 20s? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Lindbergh was the first to cross the Atlantic by plane. |
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Definition
| False, he was the first to fly solo, not first |
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Term
| What country did Coolidge send marines to in order to put down a revolution? |
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Definition
| Nicaragua (kept them in Haiti; removed them in Dominican Republic in 1924) |
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Term
| What was the Five Power Treaty about? |
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Definition
| Naval ships ratio to be kept by signatories (US & GB, 5; Japan 3; Italy, France, 1.75) |
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Term
| What was the treaty that “outlawed” war? |
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Definition
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Term
| What musical form grew and prospered in the 20s? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three famous sports stars of the 20s. |
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Definition
1. Babe Ruth (baseball)
2. Bill Tilden (tennis)
3. Bobby Jones (golf)
4 Jack Dempsey (boxing) |
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Term
| Name three countries we had US troops in during the 20s. |
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Definition
1. Nicaragua
2. Haiti
3. Dominican Republic (removed in 1924) |
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Term
| Who said, “Why should I want to be white? I am Negro—and beautiful.”? |
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Definition
| Langston Hughes (in “The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain” The Nation, 1926) |
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Term
| Who wrote Babbit and what was it about? |
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Definition
| Sinclair Lewis; characterized the Midwestern people as parochial, unthinking and materialistic |
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Term
| What were two reasons Al Smith lost in 1924? |
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Definition
| He was Catholic and a Wet |
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Term
| Who said, “They hired the money, didn’t they?” and what was he referring to? |
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Definition
| Calvin Coolidge; WWI debt owed to us. |
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Term
| Did the US join the world court? |
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Definition
| No, as we signed a treaty with conditions; when the court tried to clear up what the conditions were, Coolidge rejected the whole thing. |
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Term
| What word did Harding coin to express a desire to get back to pre-WWI style living? |
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Definition
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Term
| Was the Fordney-McCumber Tariff more or less protective? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did the court decision of Adkins v. Children’s Hospital declare unconstitutional? |
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Definition
| It declared minimum wage for women unconstitutional and a violation of freedom of contract; Taft was in vigorous dissent. |
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Term
| Did management support or reject the Open Shop policy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name two works by Theodore Dreiser and what were they about? |
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Definition
1. Sister Carrie
2. An American Tragedy
- Marxist writer, part of naturalist movement; concentrates on the effects of industrialization on urban life. |
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Term
| Who wrote “All wars fought, all gods dead, all faiths in man shaken.” and to what was he referring to? |
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Definition
1. F. Scott Fitzgerald;
2. In This Side of Paradise; writes that "here was a new generation that grows up to find all wars fought..." |
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Term
| Who wrote The Great Gatsby and what was its thrust? |
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Definition
| Fitzgerald; classic on the twenties |
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Term
| Who coined such terms as “booboisie” and “Bible Belt” and to what was he referring? |
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Definition
H. L. Mencken, who loved to make fun of middle America in the 20s, 30s
booboisie - the middle class
bible belt - the south who were big funamentalists |
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Term
| Who wrote Native Son and what was it about? |
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Definition
Richard Wright; about the black experience.
(first black novelist to make best seller list with his novel) |
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Term
| Who was A. Phillip Randolph? |
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Definition
| President of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, affiliated with AFL in 1929 |
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Term
| What were the provisions of the Railway Labor Act? |
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Definition
1. A National RR Adjustment Board was established
2. Upheld the right of employees to organize and bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing. |
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Term
| Why was an art movement called the Ashcan School? |
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Definition
| Depiction of underside or common life; “social realism” |
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Term
| Why was Grant Wood’s American Gothic significant? |
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Definition
| This painting of a farmer and his wife is part of a reaction to celebrate in a nostalgic way the threatened passing of an American way of life. (signified the move away from a Jeffersonian America to a more urban lifestyle) |
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Term
| What was the nickname given to the informal group of “intellectuals” who advised FDR? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was appointed Secretary of Labor under FDR and why was this significant? |
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Definition
| Frances Perkins, lst woman cabinet secretary |
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Term
| What two Republicans were appointed to Agriculture and Interior? |
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Definition
1. Henry Wallace
2. Harold Ickes |
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Term
| What did FDR say the only thing to fear was? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the first three month bill-passing session called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was restoring farmers’ purchasing power to pre-War levels called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What solution did the AAA offer to the surplus problem in cotton and hogs? |
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Definition
| Destroyed crops and animals |
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Term
| In the national industrial recovery bill, what did section 7a guarantee? |
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Definition
| The right to collective bargaining |
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Term
| What two agencies were set up under the NIRA? |
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Definition
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Term
| What symbol was placed in store windows to show compliance with the NIRA? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two sections of the country supported either a massive printing of greenbacks or an extensive monetization of silver? |
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Definition
| Southern, Western Congressmen |
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Term
| What economic standard did FDR, and thus the US, abandon in 1933? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did the Glass-Steagall act of 1933 do? |
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Definition
| Separation of commercial, investment banking |
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Term
| What did the HOLA (HOLC) or the FCA try to protect? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Civilian Conservation Corps: protecting, developing parks, forests,etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tennessee Valley Authority: rural electrification; soil conserve. |
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Term
| Who was identified with “Share Our Wealth” programs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name two pieces of legislation declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court? |
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Definition
1. NIRA
2. AAA
3. Ded. Pension Act
4. Farm Mortgage Relief |
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Term
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Definition
| Creating unnecessary jobs |
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Term
| What were two provisions of the Wagner Act? (NLRA) |
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Definition
Outlawed unfair labor practices:
1. Firing for union activity
2. Blacklisting |
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Term
| What constitutional issue was debated in Schechter v. US Supreme Court arguments? |
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Definition
| Interstate commerce clause: Congress abdicating its constitutional duties |
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Term
| What was the name given to the old age and survivors and unemployment insurance legislation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What economic theorist said running up deficits to spark an economy was OK? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who ran against FDR in 1936? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were three groups who supported FDR in 1936? |
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Definition
1. Young people
2. Old people
3. Farmers (S & W)
4. blacks
5. reform minded intellectuals |
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Term
| What was FDR’s proposal to pack the court? |
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Definition
| One more justice for each one over 70; limit: 15 |
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Term
| What were the 2 emerging big unions of the 30s? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were two actions by FDR’s administration that angered the Southern wing of the party? |
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Definition
1. Fair Labor Standards Act (minimum wage, maximum hours, no child labor)
2. Farm Security Administration (pro tenant farmers, sharecroppers) |
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Term
| What were the two elements which made up the “conservative coalition” that halted the New Deal in 1938? |
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Definition
1. Southern Democrats
2. Northern Republicans |
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Term
| What group was John Collier a champion of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did John Dos Passos write? |
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Definition
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Term
| What goals did the New Deal achieve? |
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Definition
1. Assisted middle class, protected savings, homes, farms
2. Opened middle class for previously stigmatized ethnic groups (shaky)
3. Rekindled confidence in a free society |
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Term
| What goals did the New Deal fail to achieve? |
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Definition
1. Did not achieve recovery
2. Did not sufficiently redistribute income and wealth (good—dodged that bullet!)
3. Did not equalize blacks & women
4. Created a bureaucratic nightmare |
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Term
| What does F.D.R stand for? (What's his full name)? |
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Definition
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
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Term
| Name two interventionist bills Hoover supported. |
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Definition
1. Agricultural Marketing Act
2. Reconstruction Finance Corporation
3. National Credit Assoc.creation
4. War Finance Corp.
5. Glass Steagall
6. Expand loan capacity of Federal loan boards |
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Term
| According to Lee, what were three goals of FDR and the New Deal? |
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Definition
1. End economic downturn
2. Redistribute wealth
3. Consolidate Democratic Party gains |
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Term
| What was the first act of FDR as President to combat depression? |
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Definition
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Term
| What innovative method did FDR use to communicate with the American people? |
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Definition
| “Fireside Chats” on the radio |
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Term
| What was Main Street about and who wrote it? |
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Definition
| Critique of middle America; Sinclair Lewis |
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Term
| What was the great classic about Oakies going west from the Dust Bowl and who wrote it? |
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Definition
| The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck |
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Term
| What were disadvantages of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff? |
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Definition
1. Raised the cost of living
2. Encouraged inefficient production
3. Hugely hampered the export trade
4. Caused foreign retaliations |
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Term
| What were the traditional reasons given for the Great Depression? |
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Definition
1. Overproduction
2. Low buying power
3. Lack of credit
4. High interest rates
5. Over-speculation (buying on margin)in stock market
6. There was a world wide depression going on
7. War loans
8. Farmers were in a depression since 1921
9. People were buying durable goods |
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Term
| What did Wanniski and Friedman say were the real causes of the Great Depression? |
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Definition
Wanniski: the Smoot-Hawley Tariff signaled trade would drop badly, so people sold off as it became more apparent stocks would have to drop;
Friedman: the Federal Reserve Board allowed inflation in the twenties and then contracted the money supply when the depression hit, which was the opposite of what it should have done |
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Term
| What was FDR’s platform in 1932? |
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Definition
1. Repeal the prohibition
2. National planning
3. Hedged on tariff
4. Price supports
5. Assistance to victims of the depression |
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Term
| What were actions supported by the FDR administration for farmers to up the price of their goods? |
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Definition
| Killing off cattle, dumping milk, and paying to not grow crops |
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Term
| What year did FDR become president? |
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Definition
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