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US chapters 7-8 flashcards
to help you study for the test!!
36
History
11th Grade
11/15/2011

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Trail of Tears

Definition
800+ Mile march made by Native Americans from the East Coast to the West where they would be resettled via the Indian Removal Act.
Term
Spoils system
Definition
Throwing out former employees and filling these positions with loyal employees. To the victor goes the spoils. Andrew Jackson brought in many people that were loyal to him, kicking out former employees.
Term
Seneca Falls Convention
Definition
Women's Rights convention organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott in 1848 Seneca Falls, NY.
Term
Temperance Movement
Definition
Anti Alcohol movement. Members wanted to end the use/abuse of alcohol. Abstinence,  Water Fountains, etc. were part of this movement.
Term
Civil Disobedience
Definition
To peacefully disobey an unjust law.  Transcendentalists often promoted this approach!
Term
Missouri Compromise
Definition
Compromise made in 1820 to bring in both Maine and Missouri at the same time to keep a balance of power in Congress between free and slave states.  It also drew a line at 36 30' above which slavery would no longer exist.
Term
American System
Definition
A plan that was meant to unite the various regions of America by major infrastructure projects and protect the American economy (by reviving the national bank and implementing a protective tariff).
Term
Robert Fulton
Definition
Famous for his steam ships.
Term
Henry David Thoreau
Definition
Transcendentalist that wrote Walden about his experience living at Walden Pond isolated for two years.
Term
Dorothea Dix
Definition
Reformer whose focus was on reforming our prisons and hospitals most especially for the mentally ill.
Term
Nat Turner
Definition
Led a major slave rebellion in Virginia in 1831.  In retalliation he would be hung and 200 slaves would be killed.
Term
The Liberator
Definition
abolitionist newspaper written by William Lloyd Garrison
Term
The North Star
Definition
Abolitionist Newspaper written by Frederick Douglass a former slave.
Term
Ain't I a woman?
Definition
Famous question asked by Sojourner Truth at a women's rights convention.
Term
"His Accidency"
Definition
Nickname for John Tyler as he was the first man to become president upon the death of a president.  William Henry Harrison died 32 days into office.
Term
"King Veto"
Definition
Nickname for Jackson as he vetoed more bills than the previous presidents added together and he used the veto to kill bills he just didn't like (* like the national bank!)
Term
Era of Good Feelings
Definition
Nickname for the Monroe presidency as America was booming and things were going well.
Term
Eli Whitney
Definition
System of Interchangeable parts and the Cotton Gin inventor.
Term
John C. Calhoun
Definition
First VP under Jackson that gave him some trouble as he strongly disagreed with the protective tariff and he led the snubbing of Peggy Oneill Eaton.
Term
Henry Clay
Definition
Speaker of the House that made the Corrupt Bargain in 1824.  Often at odds w/ Jackson over the Bank!!
Term
Second Great Awakening
Definition
A time period of major religious revivial during the early 1800's.  Many new denominations would form. Ministers like Charles Finney were important during this time period.
Term
"Big Ditch"
Definition
The Erie Canal.. this canal would connect the Hudson River and the Great Lakes. One of many "American system improvements".
Term
Liberia
Definition
Country created in Africa to allow former slaves to return to Africa.  Capital is Monroevia.
Term
Nullification
Definition
Power of the states to strike down a national law.  (This was a battle during this time period as states objected to some of the national policies at the time. Esp. Slavery, national Bank and the protective tariff. )
Term
McGuffey Reader
Definition
Taught the 3 R's (Reading, Writing, Arithametic) as well as citizenship lessons.  Became an important textbook during this time.
Term
Hermitage
Definition
Jackson's property/home
Term
Whig
Definition
formed in 1834 in opposition to Jackson (former federalists).
Term
Lowell factory
Definition
Famous female employing factory in MA.  Had boarding houses, recreation, etc.  It also paid low wages, long work days and working conditions were not great. 
Term
The Dial
Definition
Famous transcendentalist journal.
Term
Utopia
Definition
"perfect community" New Harmony, Amana Colony, Brook's farm were examples.
Term
Bloomers
Definition
famous pants for women worn under dresses made famous by Amelia Bloomer.
Term
Noah Webster
Definition
Famous for his American English Dictionary. Education reformer.
Term
McCulloch v. Maryland
Definition
Bank CAse.  Maryland can't tax the national bank and the national government wins the right to create a bank under implied powers.
Term
Gibbons v. Ogden
Definition
Hudson River Case.  Robert Fulton could not be granted a monopoly on the River by New York as it was now an interstate route!
Term
Dartmouth College Case
Definition
Contracts are binding. The state must follow through with the land grant to the college.
Term
"Anxious Seat"
Definition
a place where those considering becoming Christians could come to receive prayer (during Second Great Awakening) during Finney's sermons.
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