Term
The first function of the kidneys.
Filters & removes _____ products from the blood. |
|
Definition
| filters & removes waste products from the blood |
|
|
Term
| The kidneys also function to produces & excretes _______ from the body. |
|
Definition
| Produces & excretes urine |
|
|
Term
.....and the kidneys
maintain acid-base balance for __ & ___________. |
|
Definition
| acid-base balance for pH & homeostasis |
|
|
Term
Define urine.
Urine is a straw colored and _______liquid. It is __% water. |
|
Definition
| Urine is straw colored and sterile. It is 95% water. |
|
|
Term
| Urine contains many dissolved substances. Name three. |
|
Definition
| electrolytes, toxins and nitrogenous wastes (ammonia & uric acid.) |
|
|
Term
| Name the organs of the Urinary SX. |
|
Definition
| kidneys (2), Ureters (2), Urethra (1) and the Bladder (1). |
|
|
Term
| The kidneys are 2 ____-______ organs in the right and left ______ regions in back of the peritoneum on both sides of the spinal column. The specific location is called_______________. They are approxaimately 2" X 3" in size. |
|
Definition
bean-shaped organs in the lumbar regions.
The specific location is called retroperitoneal.
retro = backward, behind) |
|
|
Term
| Each kidney is indented or concave. The center of this area is called the _____. |
|
Definition
Hilum: the depression on the medial border of the kidney through which pass the segmental renal vessels and renal nerves and where the apex of the renal pelvis occurs.
Respiratory hilum: hilum is the wedge-shaped area on the central portion of each lung where the bronchi, arteries, veins, and nerves enter and exit the lungs. |
|
|
Term
| The renal artery and the renal vein enter and exit the kidney at the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
urine, kidney
[nephrons, bowman's capsule, Proximal (and distal) Convulated tubules, Loop of Henle]
Ureters, Urinary bladder, urethra, meatUs |
|
|
Term
| the "flow" of urine, BY THE BOOK |
|
Definition
Blood enters the kidney's at the HILUM through the RENAL ARTERY.
Blood is conducted into each NEPHRON via an arteriole that branches from the RENAL ARTERY. Each nephron contains a RENAL CORPUSCLE.
The renal corpuscle is the blood -filtering portion of the nephron.
Each renal corpuscle has within it, a cup-like BOWMAN'S CAPSULE.
Within the Bowman's capsule, the arteriole branches into about 50 microscopic capillaries that form the intertwined mass call the GLOMERULUS.
An AFFERENT ARTERIOLE carries blood into the glomerulus and an EFFERENT ARTERIOLE carries blood away from the glomerulus.
Filtrate that was removed in the nephron then enters the PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE, followed by the narrow LOOP OF HENLE (nephron loop), then into the DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE, and then into the COLLECTING TUBULE.
From here the urine enters the UREUTERS. Then to the URINARY BLADDER. Then to the URETHRA, and out through the URINARY MEATUS. |
|
|
Term
| The flow of urine according to Jordan |
|
Definition
| Renal artery > Kidneys > Nephrons > Inside the nephrons to the Bowman's capsule > proximal and distal tubules > Loop of Henle > Ureters> Urinary Bladder > Urethra >Urinary Meatus > out of the body |
|
|
Term
| The kidneys regulate ______ & molecules in solution called ____________ and ___________ waste. |
|
Definition
water
electrolytes (molecules in solution, Na, K, Cl (chlorine) ect.
Nitrogenous waste. |
|
|
Term
| Each kidney has an outer layer and an inner layer called the ______ and the _______. |
|
Definition
outer layer = cortex
inner layer = medulla, which contains 12 renal pyramids which drain into the renal pelvis which merges with the ureter. |
|
|
Term
| Nephrons are the _____ __________ & _______ ____ of the kidney. There are approximately ________ nephrons in each kidney. |
|
Definition
basic functional & working unit of the kidney.
There are about 1,000,000 nephrons per kidney. |
|
|
Term
| The nephrons contain _____ _________ that filter blood. The structure that filters is called the _______ _______ which is a ______ walled cuplike structure. |
|
Definition
renal corpuscles
Bowman's capsule
double walled, cup-like structure |
|
|
Term
| Inside each Bowman's Capsule, there is a ball or network of capillaries called the __________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bowman's capsule is also called the ________ capsule. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Waste & water exit the glomerulus through _________ which connect to the ________ & ______ convoluted tubule which descends to the ____ of _____. |
|
Definition
arteroles
distal and proximal
Loop of Henle. |
|
|
Term
| Ureters are 2 long, very narrow tubes, approximately __ - __inches long, and is lined with a ______ ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ureters carry urine from the ____ __ _____ to the _______ _______. |
|
Definition
Loop of Henle
Urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
| The Urinary Bladder is an elastic ________ ___. It is lined with a ______ ________ and _____. |
|
Definition
muscular sac
lined with a mucous membrane
lined with rugae = friction ridges |
|
|
Term
| The bladder has the capacity to hold approximately _____ of urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The urinary bladder has 2 __________. The internal one is ___________ and the more external one is _________. |
|
Definition
bladder has 2 sphincters
internal sphincter in involuntary
external sphincter is voluntary |
|
|
Term
| The urethra is a _______ _____ that carries the flow of urine from the bladder to outside of the body. |
|
Definition
| urethra is a tubular canal. |
|
|
Term
| The Urinary Meatus is the _______________________. |
|
Definition
| External opening for urine to exit the body. |
|
|
Term
| The urinary meatus is referred to as the _______ urinary meatus in females, and the ______ urinary meatus in males. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do women get more UTIs than men? |
|
Definition
| Women's urethras are shorter, which makes it easier for bacteria to make it's way into the body and cause infections. Women's urethras are also located closer to their rectums which makes it easier for bacteria to travel to the urethra and gain entry into the body. |
|
|
Term
| The urethra is lined by ______ _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Urine is a straw to clear colored sterile liquid. It is __% water and also contains electrolytes and toxins & nitrogenous waste. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abnormalities in urine include _______, _____ and _______.
Brown or black urine is ___. |
|
Definition
glucose, blood or albumin ( a protein).
bad |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intravenous Pyelogram (the visual renal pelvis) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clean catch urine specimen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lack of urine
you feel like you have to go but can't |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
involuntary discharge of urine
not uncommon in children under the age of 5
"bed wetting" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
having a weak sphincter
happens to women after pregnancy, do Kegel exercises |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| damage to the glomerulus due to high sugar in blood cause by diabetes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant kidney tumor found in children |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Increased formation of urine.
When it happens without an accompanying increase of urination can cause severe medical problems. |
|
|
Term
| Procedure: Peritoneal Dialysis |
|
Definition
| the removal of toxic wastes by filering in chemically warmed solutions in the peritoneal cavity |
|
|
