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| normal color is yellow (amber) or straw-colored. Colorless or pale urine indicates a large amount of water. Smoky red or brown colored urine indicates the presence of blood. |
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Chemical nature of urine showing the degree of acid or alkaline found in urine. |
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Usually found in urine but not detected. If detected could be albumin which is an abnormal constituent of urine. |
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reflects amount of wastes, minerals, and solids in urine |
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| result of breakdown of fat catabolism in cells |
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microscopic pieces of tissue sometimes found in urine |
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pyuria gives a turbid (cloudy) appearance to urine indicating infection |
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substances found in urine of infants born with special congenital problems. This test is done on newborns to detect problems. |
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Pigment substance from hemoglobin (RBC) breakdown, which may make urine darker in color, usually indicating liver or gallbladder disease. |
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