Teres Minor
Definition
Origin: Upper portion of lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Lower facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Nerve: Axillary
Action: Rotates arm laterally |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Spines of T7-T12 thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 9-12
Insertion: Floor of bicipital groove of humerus
Nerve: Thoracodorsal
Action: Adducts, extends, and rotates arm medially |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Coracoid process
Insertion: Middle third of medial surface of humerus
Nerve: Musculocutaneous
Action: Flexes and adducts arm |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Long head, supraglenoid tubercle; short head, coracoid process
Insertion: Radial tuberosity of radius
Nerve: Musculocutaneous
Action: Flexes arm and forearm, supinates forearm |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Lower anterior surface of humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna and ulnar tuberosity
Nerve: Musculocutaneous
Action: Flexes forearm
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Long head, infraglenoid tubercle; lateral head, superior to radial groove of humerus; medial head, inferior to radial groove
Insertion: Posterior surface of olecranon process of ulna
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends forearm |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Olecranon and upper posterior surface of ulna
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends forearm |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna
Insertion: Middle of lateral side of radius
Nerve: Median
Action: Pronates and flexes forearm |
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Term
Flexor carpi radialis
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Definition
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Nerve: Median
Action: Flexes forearm, flexes and abducts hand |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis
Nerve: Median
Action: Flexes forearm and hand |
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Term
Flexor carpi ulnaris
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Definition
Origin: Medial epicondyle (humeral head); medial olecranon, and posterior border of ulna (ulnar head)
Insertion: Pisiform, hook of hamate and base of 5th metacarpal
Nerve: Ulnar
Action: Flexes forearm; flexes and adducts hand |
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Term
Flexor digitorum superficialis
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Definition
Origin: Medial epicondyle, coronoid process, oblique line of radius
Insertion: Middle phalanges of finger
Nerve: Median
Action: Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints, flexes hand and forearm |
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Term
Flexor digitorum profundus
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Definition
Origin: Anteromedial surface of ulna, interosseous membrane
Insertion: Bases of distal phalanges of fingers
Nerve: Ulnar and median
Action: Flexes distal interphalangeal joints and hand |
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Term
Flexor pollicis longus
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Definition
Origin: Anterior surface of radius, interosseous membrane, and coronoid process
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: Median
Action: Flexes thumb |
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Term
Pronator quadratus
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Definition
Origin: Anterior surface of distal ulna
Insertion: Anterior surface of distal radius
Nerve: Median
Action: Pronates forearm |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Base of radial styloid process
Nerve: Radial
Action: Flexes forearm |
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Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus
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Definition
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Dorsum of base of 2nd metacarpal
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends and abducts hand |
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Term
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
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Definition
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Posterior base of 3rd metacarpal
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends and abducts hands |
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Term
Extensor digitorum
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Definition
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Extensor expansion, base of middle and digital phalanges
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends fingers and hand |
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Term
Extensor digiti minimi
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Definition
Origin: Common extensor tendon and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Extensor expansion, base of middle and distal phalanges
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends little finger |
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Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
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Definition
Origin: Lateral epicondyle and posterior surface of ulna
Insertion: Base of 5th metacarpal
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends and adducts hand |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Lateral epicondyle, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa and crest of ulna
Insertion: Lateral side of upper part of radius
Nerve: Radial
Action: Supinates forearm |
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Term
Abductor pollicis longus
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Definition
Origin: Interosseous membrane, middle third of posterior surfaces of radius and ulna
Insertion: Lateral surface of base of first metacarpal
Nerve: Radial
Action: Abducts thumb and hand |
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Term
Extensor pollicis longus
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Definition
Origin: Interosseous membrane and middle third of posterior surface of ulna
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends distal phalanx of thumb and abducts hand |
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Term
Extensor pollicis brevis
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Definition
Origin: Interosseous membrane and posterior surface of middle third of radius
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends proximal phalanx of thumb and abducts hand |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Extensor expansion of index finger
Nerve: Radial
Action: Extends index finger |
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Term
Abductor pollicis brevis
Definition
Origin: Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, and trapezium
Insertion: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: Median
Action: Abducts thumb |
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Term
Flexor pollicis brevis
Definition
Origin: Flexor retinaculum and trapezium
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: Median
Action: Flexes thumb |
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Term
Opponens pollicis
Definition
Origin: Flexor retinaculum and trapezium
Insertion: Lateral side of 1st metacarpal
Nerve: Median
Action: Opposes thumb to other digits |
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Term
Adductor pollicis
Definition
Origin: Capitate and bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals (oblique head), palmar surface of 3rd metacarpal (transverse head)
Insertion: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb
Nerve: Ulnar
Action: Adducts thumb |
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Term
Palmaris brevis
Definition
Origin: Medial side of flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis
Insertion: Skin of medial side of palm
Nerve: Ulnar
Action: Wrinkles skin on medial side of palm |
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Term
Abductor digiti minimi
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Definition
Origin: Pisiform and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
Insertion: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger
Nerve: Ulnar
Action: Abducts little finger |
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Term
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Definition
Origin: Flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate
Insertion: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger
Nerve: Ulnar
Action: Flexes proximal phalanx of little finger |
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Term
Opponens digiti minimi
Definition
Origin: Flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate
Insertion: Medial side of 5th metacarpal
Nerve: Ulnar
Action: Opposes little finger |
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Term
Lumbricals
Definition
Origin: Lateral side of tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
Insertion: Lateral side of extensor expansion
Nerve: Median (2 lateral) and ulnar (2 medial)
Action: Flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints |
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Term
Dorsal interossei
Definition
Origin: Adjacent sides of metacarpal bones
Insertion: Lateral sides of bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansion
Nerve: Ulnar
Action: Abduct fingers; flex metacarpophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints |
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Term
Palmar interossei
Definition
Origin: Medial side of 2nd metacarpal; lateral sides of 4th and 5th metacarpals
Insertion: Bases of proximal phalanges in same sides as their origins; extensor expansion
Nerve: Ulnar
Action: Adduct fingers; flex metacarpophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: External occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7-T12
Insertion: Spine of scapula, acromion, and lateral third of clavicle
Nerve: Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Action: Adducts, rotates, elevates, and depresses scapula |
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Term
Levator scapulae
Definition
Origin: Transverse processes of C1-C4
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Nerve: Dorsal scapular
Action: Elevates scapula; rotates glenoid cavity |
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Term
Rhomboid minor
Definition
Origin: Spines of C7-T1
Insertion: Root of spine of scapula
Nerve: Dorsal scapular
Action: Adducts scapula |
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Term
Rhomboid major
Definition
Origin: Spines of T2-T5
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Nerve: Dorsal scapular
Action: Adducts scapula |
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Term
Serratus posterior superior
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Definition
Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, supraspinal ligament, and spines of C7-T3
Insertion: Upper border of ribs 2-5
Nerve: Intercostal
Action: Elevates ribs |
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Term
Serratus posterior inferior
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Definition
Origin: Supraspinous ligament and spines of T11-L2
Insertion: Lower border of ribs 9-12
Nerve: Intercostal
Action: Depresses ribs |
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