Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| stuffiness ,sneezing, coyrza, pharyngeal irritation, some fever |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| transmission of common cold |
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Definition
| direct contact with some aerosilization- portal of entry- mucousnmembrane. very high conc in nasal secretions. |
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Term
| pathophys of common cold. |
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Definition
| inoc, epihtelial cell infec. - spread to respiratory mucosa. demage to resp mucosa via direct infect and chemical mediators (leading to mucociliarry trnasport impairment, submucosale dema, and possible bacterial superinfection |
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Term
| host respoen to contorl infection of cold |
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Definition
| local interferon production, IgA response |
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Term
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Definition
| nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, sore throat |
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Term
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Definition
| symtpomatic, antihistamines and nsaids. relief of nasal obstruction in infants/children. |
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Term
| tonsillopharyngitis intro |
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Definition
| inflammatory illnes of mucous membrane of thraot, viral/bacterial causes, no nasal involvement |
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Term
| tonsillopharyngitis etiology |
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Definition
bacterial: group A b hemolytic strep, overall the most commo ncause.
viral adenovirus, influenza, eterovirus, parainfluenza, ebv, cold virus |
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Term
| tonsillopharyngitis transmission |
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Definition
| direct contact and airborne spread enterovirus only one sene in summer. |
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Term
| tonsillopharyngitits como iopulation |
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Definition
| grouop a stretp b hemolytic: school age kids |
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Term
| tonsillopharyngitis group A b-hemolytic strep path |
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Definition
| person-person transmission, attachmen of organism to repirtory epithelial cells by fimbriae. Release of toxins/enzymes. ;Tissue damage, facilitate spread of organism, Hypersenstiivity to erythrogenic toxins causes rash and fever. prevention |
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Term
| prevention of gruop a b hemoltyic strep reinfection |
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Definition
| antibody agianst m specific protein |
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Term
| tonsillopharyngitis strep clinical feauees |
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Definition
| variety i presentation: sublicnical to highly toxic form. Pharyngeal inflammation wiht edema and tonsillar exudates (fever,s ore throat,headache abdminal pain) , swollen tender anterior cervical nodes |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by group a strep , tonsilloopharyngitis. REd finely punctate rash (sandpaper rash), red strawberyy tongue, conjunctiaval injection. |
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Term
| tonsillopharyngitits ocmplications |
|
Definition
(suppurative: peritonsillar/retropharyngeal abcess, cerical adenitis, otitis,sinusitis).
nonsupporative: acute rheumatic fever, acute post-streptococal glomeruulonephritis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| complication of tosillopharyngitis. Iflammatory disease of herats, joits CNS. Itis autoimmune in nnature, molecular mimicry |
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Term
| acute postreptococal glomeruloneprhitis |
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Definition
| complcaition of onsillopharyngitis, leading cause of NEPHRItic syndrome (hypertension hemturia, proteinuria) |
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Term
| acute psotreptrooall glomeruloneprhitis pathology |
|
Definition
| immune complx mediated disease deposited into gloemrular basement membrnae of kdineys |
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Term
| poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis linical presentation |
|
Definition
| oliguria,edema, te colored/bloody urine |
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Term
| croup (laryngeotrachetitis/laryngeotracheobornhiits |
|
Definition
| carhacteritied by hoarse voice, dr brking cough, inspiratory stridor. respiratory distress from upper airwa yobstruction. upper airway= infraglottic tissues, larynx, trachea ,lung. |
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Term
|
Definition
mostly parainfluenza 1 , res ot of casues are primarily viral.
bacterial superinfection: staph/strep |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
starts in nasopharynx, travels to respiratory epithelium of larynx/trachea.
tracheal ifnalmmation with erythema/edema:
airway anrrowing, inhibition of ciliary functino, tracheal peithelial cell desturction.
Obstruciton of tracheal lumen.
Impairemnt of vocal cords. |
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Term
|
Definition
| based on signs and symtpoms : iamging study : narrowed airway (steeple sign). |
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Term
|
Definition
| usually post uri infnection, purulent ifnection of sinuses. |
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Term
|
Definition
| mostly hemophilus, and pneumoccosu. Usually a mixed infection. (viral rhino, influenza, parainfluenza) |
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Term
|
Definition
malfunciton of mucocilliary clearance. allowingpathogens from surroudningnasal passages to enter.
Predisposing factors :allergy, impaired ciliary motility.
Viral URI mosti mportant predisposing cause. |
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|
Term
| sinusitis clinclal features |
|
Definition
| uri symtposm followed by improvement nada then acut inus infcton. |
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Term
|
Definition
| posterior pharyngeal pus, puruluent nasal discharge, sinus tenderness ,facial swelling (pots puffy tumor- psu fluid colelciton udner preiosteum of frontal bone). |
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Term
|
Definition
intracranial erosion causing maneingitis brain abscess.
orbital disease.
respiratory:sinopulomoanry disese |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
rna genome surroudned by protein nucleocapsid. nucleopsaicd surorunded by second protein,the matrix.
2 glycoproteins on surface: nuermindase, and hemagglutinin |
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Term
|
Definition
| reuqired for attachment to cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| requried for releasae of rius from infected cell |
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Term
|
Definition
| major changes in HA structure leadingto new subtypes, ocurs in inlufena A, responsible for padnemcis |
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Term
|
Definition
| minor changes in HA or N structures, occurs in all influena types |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| affects columarn repsitaory epithlium, with celluar necrosis, cell ifniltratio nfollows, however peripher blod mononuclarcells get infecteda s wel lelading to impairedw function. |
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Term
|
Definition
| systemic,mucosal ,and celllular |
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|
Term
| adults with infleunza have hgiher inscidences of |
|
Definition
| chilliness myalgias/sneezing sputum production |
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Term
|
Definition
| reassortment of geneticcompoenents from sine ian and huam nstrainf of influenza |
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Term
|
Definition
| pnuemonia ,otitis meida sinusitis, myositis, reyes sydnroe (cns ifnlammation usually when given aspirin with flu seen in children) |
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|
Term
| high risk for ilness fro h1n1n |
|
Definition
| chld yougner htan 5 , or odler than 65. children nad adolescents on logn term aspirin therapy. pRegnant women, adults children with cardio/resp/neuro conditions. immunosupressed people |
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Term
|
Definition
| etiology, preceeding viral inection with bacterial ienfection by hemophilus influnze B. Bacteremic illness |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| supraglottic celullitis, edemaw, and resp obstruction follows. |
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|
Term
| epiglottitis clinical featuers |
|
Definition
abrupt onset, short duration (les than 24 hours). patient pereferres sitting/leanign fowrad with hyeprexttension of the neck.
dysphagia, respiratory distress. |
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Term
|
Definition
| cherry red epiglottis. and lateral x ray. |
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Term
|
Definition
| medical mergency , primary concenr- airway maintenacne. |
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Term
|
Definition
| infection fo mucoperistoeal linign of middle ear. |
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Term
|
Definition
| one ofm ost common infecitons of childhood |
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Term
|
Definition
| pneumocococuss, Hemophilusi nfleunzae, M. catarrhalis, mixed viral-bacterial. |
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Term
| pathophys of otitis media |
|
Definition
| dysfunciton of eustachian tube resulting in fluid acucmualtion and ienfection. , cognestion of mucosa allows nroaml flora of uepr repsp tracto get trapepd in middle ear. |
|
|
Term
| clincal featuers of otitis media |
|
Definition
early: eustachian tubedysfuntion, diminished light reflex. Later:mailae fever, ercahe, drum dul and transluecent, ijeciton of vessels aroudn TM.
later: Tm is red , thick convex bulging, no light reflex. conductivehe aring loss.
suppurative stage: dul lbulding immobile membrane. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| incidence in 2-6 motnhs of age. |
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|
Term
| pathology of bronchiolitis |
|
Definition
cell to cell spread of virus from uepr to lower erspiratory tract.
Peribronchial monocuelar cel lifniltration.
ncecrosis of epitheliu mof bronchioles , ciliary disruptio.
edema ofsmall airways and mucus secretion leading to plugging of htel umen and air trapping.
at end get heyperifaltinoadn atelectasis |
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|
Term
| bronchiolitis pathogenesis |
|
Definition
| ifnants- greater airway resitance when diseased due tosmaller diamter. disease severity releted iwth icnreaased IgE. Elevated IgG help lesen severity |
|
|
Term
| bronciolitis clinical featuer |
|
Definition
URI fever tachpnea.
Rhonchi, wheezes, mild to severe hypoxemia. |
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