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Units 1 and 2
Vocabulary Words for the First Two Units
35
Biology
9th Grade
01/29/2015

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Term
ATOM
Definition
The smallest basic unit of matter
Term
ADHESION
Definition
THE ATTRACTION BETWEEN MOLECULES OF DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES
Term
CARBOHYDRATE
Definition
MOLECULE COMPOSED OF CARBON, HYDROGEN, AND OXYGEN; INCLUDES SUGARS AND STARCHES
Term
BOND ENERGY
Definition
THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY NEEDED TO BREAK A BOND BETWEEN TWO PARTICULAR ATOMS; OR THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY RELEASED WHEN A BOND FORMS BETWEEN TWO PARTICULAR ATOMS
Term
ELEMENT
Definition
A SUBSTANCE MADE OF ONLY ONE TYPE OF ATOM THAT CAN NOT BE BROKEN DOWN BY ANY CHEMICAL MEANS
Term
SOLUTION
Definition
A MIXTURE THAT IS CONSISTANT THROUGHOUT; ALSO CALLED A HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE
Term
LIPID
Definition
A NON-POLAR MOLECULE COMPOSED OF CARBON, HYDROGEN, AND OYXGEN, BUT WITH A SMALLER AMOUNT OF OXYGEN; INCLUDES FATS, OILS, AND WAXES.
Term
EQUILIBRIUM
Definition
THE CONDITION IN WHICH REACTANTS AND PRODUCTS OF A CHEMICAL REACTION ARE FORMED AT THE SAME RATE
Term
COMPOUND
Definition

SUBSTANCE MADE OF ATOMS OF DIFFERENT ELEMENTS THAT ARE BONDED TOGETHER IN  PARTICULAR RATIO

 

C6 H12 O6 = GLUCOSE

Term
SOLVENT
Definition
SUBSTANCE IN WHICH SOLUTES DISSOLVE AND THAT IS PRESENT IN GREATEST CONCENTRATION IN A SOLUTION
Term
FATTY ACID
Definition
HYDROCARBON CHAIN OFTEN BONDED TO GLYCEROL IN A LIPID...
Term
ACTIVATION ENERGY
Definition
THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY NEEDED FOR A CHEMICAL REACTION TO OCCUR
Term
ION
Definition
AN ATOM THAT HAS GAINED OR LOST ONE OR MORE ELECTRONS MAKING IT A POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE ION
Term
SOLUTE
Definition
SUBSTANCE THAT DISSOLVES IN A SOLVENT AND IS PRESENT IN A LOWER CONCENTRATION THAN THE SOLVENT
Term
PROTEIN
Definition
POLYMER COMPOSED OF AMINO ACIDS LINKED WITH PEPTIDE BONDS; FOLDS IN TO A PARTICULAR STRUCTURE DEPENDING ON THE BONDS BETWEEN THE AMINO ACIDS
Term
EXOTHERMIC
Definition
CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT YIELDS A NET RELEASE OF ENERGY IN THE FORM OF HEAT
Term
IONIC BONDS
Definition
A CHEMICAL BOND FORMED THROUGH THE ELECTRICAL FORCE BETWEEN OPPOSITELY CHARGED IONS
Term
ACID
Definition
A COMPOUND THAT DONATES A PROTEIN (H+) WHEN DISSOLVED IN A SOLUTION
Term
AMINO ACID
Definition
MOLECULE THAT MAKES UP PROTEINS; COMPOSED OF CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, AND SOMETIMES SULFUR
Term
ENDOTHERMIC
Definition
CHEMICAL REACTION THAT REQUIRES A NET INPUT OF ENERGY
Term
COVALENT BOND
Definition
CHEMICAL BOND FORMED WHEN TWO ATOMS SHARE ONE OR MORE PAIRS OF ELECTRONS
Term
BASE
Definition
A COMPOUND THAT ACCEPTS A PROTON (H+) WHEN DISOLVED IN A SOLUTION
Term
NUCLEIC ACID
Definition
POLYMER OF NUCLEOTIDES; THE GENETIC MATERIAL OF ORGANISMS
Term
CATALYST
Definition
A SUBSTANCE (ENZYME) THAT DECREASES THE AMOUNT OF ACTIVATION ENERGY NEEDED FOR A CHEMICAL REACTION; SPEEDS UP CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Term
MOLECULE
Definition
TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS HELD TOGETHER BY COVALENT BONDS; NOT NECESSARILY A COMPOUND
Term
pH
Definition
THE MEASURE OF ACIDITY OF A GIVEN SOLUTION RELATED TO FREE HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION IN SOLUTION
Term
CHEMICAL REACTION
Definition
PROCESS BY WHICH SUBSTANCES CHANGE INTO DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES THROUGH THE BREAKING AND FORMING OF CHEMICAL BONDS
Term
ENZYME
Definition
PROTEIN THAT ACTS AS A CATALYST FOR CHEMICAL REACTIONS FOR ORGANISMS.
Term
HYDROGEN BOND
Definition
ATTRACTION BETWEEN A SLIGHTLY POSITIVE HYDROGEN ATOM AND A SLIGHTLY NEGATIVE ATOM
Term
MONOMER
Definition
THE MOLECULAR SUBUNIT OF A POLYMER
Term
REACTANT
Definition
A SUBSTANCE THAT IS CHANGED BY A CHEMICAL REACTION
Term
SUBSTRATE
Definition
THE REACTANT IN A CHEMICAL REACTION UPON WHICH AN ENZYME REACTS
Term
COHESION
Definition
THE ATTRACTION BETWEEN MOLECULES OF THE SAME SUBSTANCE
Term
POLYMER
Definition
LARGE, CARBON BASED MOLECULE FORMED BY CHAINS OF MOMOMERES
Term
PRODUCT
Definition
SUBSTANCE FORMED BY A CHEMICAL REACTION
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