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| The raising of animals or the growing of crops on tended land to obtain food for primary consumption by a farmer's family or for sale off the farm. |
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| Relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land. |
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| how biological systems endure and remain diverse and productive. |
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| a cultivated plant that is grown as food (a grain, and fruit) |
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| the state of being the firstborn child |
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| altering the behaviors, size and genetics of animals to benefit humans |
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| the wandering, but controlled movement of livestock, solely dependent on natural forage- is the most extensive type of land use system |
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| the practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year to avoid exhausting the soil |
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| farms that produce high consumer demand products and either trucks them to market or to processing plants |
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| an area or building where livestock are fed and fattened up |
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| Third Agricultural Revolution |
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| began in mid 1950'2; modern farming that refers to the industrialized production of livestock and crops |
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| the use of genetically altered crops and DNA manipulation in order to increase production |
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| the group of industries dealing with agricultural produce and services required in farming |
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| an ecological production management system that promotes and enhances biodiversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity |
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| developing countries have some of their foreign in exchange for enacting conservation measures |
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| the reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants, such as cutting stems and dividing roots |
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| the reproduction of plants through annual planting of seeds ; practiced by most farmers |
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| self-sufficiency farming in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their families |
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| a large-scale production of crops for sale, intended for widespread distribution to wholesalers or retail outlets. |
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Definition
| yields a large amount of output per acre through concentrated farming (uses a small amount of land) |
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| yields a large amount of output per acre through less intensive farming (uses a large amount of land) |
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| Intensive subsistence agriculture |
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Definition
| a form of subsistence agriculture where farmers expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum crop yield |
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Definition
| altering the behaviors, size and genetics of plants to benefit humans |
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| farmers clear land for planting by slashing vegetation and burning the debris |
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| an area of land cleared for cultivation by slashing and burning vegetation |
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Definition
| a form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift crop activity from one field to another |
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| Neolithic Revolution/First agricultural revolution |
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Definition
| time period when society went from hunters and gathers to farming and domestication of animals, 10,000 BCE |
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| a form of subsistence agriculture based on the herding of domesticated animals (sheep, goats, cows, etc) |
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| the action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle |
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| grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals, as well as land used for grazing |
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| a Malay (from Malaysia) word used to describe flooded fields where rice grows |
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| an Austronesian word used to describe flooded fields where rice grows |
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Definition
| the practice pf planting rice on dry land in a nursery and then moving it to a flooded field to promote growth |
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| a type of intensive agriculture where two crops are harvested in the same field a year |
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| the capturing and killing of animals and the knowledge and collection of edible plants and food of early humans |
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| Carl O. (the geographer), believed that the hearth of vegetative planting was Southeast Asia, believed vegetative planting came before seed agriculture |
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| a form of commercial agriculture, it is a large farm that specializes in one or two crops |
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| a grass such a oats, wheat, rye or barkey used as food |
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| the ring around a city from which fresh milk can be supplied without spoiling |
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| husks of corn or other seed separated by winnowing |
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| chaff that is allowed to be blown away by the wind |
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| a process of beating the rice heads on the ground to separate the chaff form the seeds |
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| where products were carried both ways across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans during colonization |
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| Dispersed rural settlement pattern |
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Definition
| areas of extensive agriculture practice whose individual farmhouses lay far apart |
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| Nucleated rural settlement pattern |
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Definition
| areas of intensive agriculture whose villages are located close together with small surrounding fields |
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| England 1700s; the fencing or hedging of large blocks of land for farming |
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| the natural process by which material is worn away from the earth's surface; usually by wind, or water |
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| Mixed crop and livestock farming |
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Definition
| farmers grow crops and raise livestock on the same land with most of the crops fed to the animals rather than people |
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| a society in which men controlled the holding power in the family, the economy, and the government |
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| A machine that harvests, threshes, and cleans grain crops |
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| the growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers for human consumption |
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| a german farmer that created a model for rural land use |
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| Ridge tillage (intertillage) |
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Definition
| a system of planting crops on ridge tops in order to reduce farm production costs and promote soil conservation |
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| degradation of land because of human actions like excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting |
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| is a sowing device that precisely positions seeds in the soil and then covers them. |
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| began in 1970's; the use of higher yield seeds and expanded use of fertilizers |
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| a farm where people grow products that will be sold in a market |
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| the idea that humans can adapt their agricultural practices to the needs of the society or the environment |
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| farm or group of farms organized as a unit and managed and worker by a group of laborers under state supervision; communist countries |
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| branch of agriculture that deals with the breeding, raising, and utilization of dairy animals and the selling of their products |
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| substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals. |
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| poles and sticks woven tightly together and then covered with mud; used in Africa for housing |
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Definition
| remove the hulls from (fruit, seeds, or grain). |
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| a wheat crop that is planted in the autumn and develops a strong root system before growth stops for the winter |
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| a wheat crop that is planted in the spring and harvested in late summer |
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| a principal raw material or commodity grown or produced in a region |
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| person or machine that harvests a crop. |
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| the art and science of cultivating, maintaining, and developing forest |
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| a theory that explains the pattern of agricultural land use in terms of accessibility, costs, distance, and prices |
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| another term for command economy. |
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| the act of specializing; making something suitable for a special purpose |
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| a grower of wheat or other crops who lives outside the community except during the plowing, seeding, and harvesting seasons |
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