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unitC
environmental chem
28
Science
9th Grade
03/04/2010

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Term
Nitrogen fixation
Definition
process of changing free nitrogen so that the nitrogen atoms can combine with other elements to form compounds that organisms can use.
Term
Free nitrogen
Definition
free nitrogen is in the air and you can get it form bacteria.
Term
pollution
Definition
any change in the enviroment that produces a condition that is harmful to living things
Term
pesticide
Definition
are chemicals used to kill pest.
Term
herbacide
Definition
herbacides kill or contol weeds
Term
solid wastes
Definition
solid waste can be recycled but the ones that can't are burned in special plants that put pollution in the air.
Term
sewage
Definition
wastewater containing dissolved and un dissolved materials from your kitchen, bathroom and laundry.
Term
efflvent
Definition
wastewater released from a factory or sawage treatment plant.
Term
fossil fuels
Definition
coal, oil and natural gas is called fossil fuels because they are formed from dead plants and animals.
Term
sour gas
Definition
natural gas that contains hydrogen sulfide.
Term
acid
Definition
compounds that dissolves in water to from a solution with pH lower then 7.
Term
base
Definition
compounds that dissolves in water to form a solution with pH higher then 7
Term
pH
Definition
measure of the percent of hydrogen ions in a solution.
Term
neutralization
Definition
reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and a soild compound called a salt
Term
organic compound
Definition
compounds whose molecules contain carbon (e.g fossil fuels)
Term
inorganic compounds
Definition
compounds whose molecules do not contain carbon, also included as inorganic compounds are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbonates, and cyanides.
Term
macronutrients
Definition
nutrients that organisms need in relatively large amounts.
Term
micronutrients
Definition
elements such as selenium are also essential for plant and animal growth and development. however they are needed in only minor or trace amounts, so they are called micronutrients
Term
carbohydrate
Definition
organic molecules made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen( e.g., pasta, rice potatoes, fruits, bread)
Term
lipids
Definition
organic molecules made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Term
protein
Definition
organic compounds made up of units called amino acids.
Term
amino acid
Definition
building blocks of proteins
Term
nucleic acid
Definition
largest and most complicated molecules found in all the cells of living thing.
Term
diffusion
Definition
process in which molecules move from an higher concentration to one of lower concentrations.
Term
Osmosis
Definition
type of diffusion in which water molecules move across a membrane from an area where there are more water molecules to an area whereergy to move there are fewer water molecules.
Term
active transport
Definition
process in which plant cells use energy to move nutrient molecules from areas of lower concentration to areas of concentration
Term
hydrolysis
Definition
reaction of a substance with water; hydro" means water and " lysis" means break down.
Term
substrate
Definition
surface on which an organism lives or moves.
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