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Unit One
Intro to Philosophy, Mindsets
20
Law
Undergraduate 3
02/11/2014

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Term
Philosophy
Definition
philosophy is the base study of the fundamentals of everything
Term
Major branches of philosophy
Definition
metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, aesthetics, political, legal
Term
legal philosophy
Definition
the study of what the law should be, not what the law is. Asks what the law's basic characteristics and principles be?
Foundations or underlying reasons of why the laws are what they are and trying to find out what they should be.
Term
normative
Definition
in philosophy: what should be normal (consider as versus positive: which evaluates what is good or bad, right or wrong). so in law, it regards how things ought to be done
Term
descriptive
Definition
what is the case
Term
prescriptive
Definition
what should be the case
Term
why is law a unique power?
Definition
we allow the law to treat us in ways we don't let any other entity treat us, such as taking away our possessions, imprisoning us, etc.
Term
how is the philo. of law prescriptive
Definition
philo. of law is prescriptive (meaning what should be the case) because we are concerned with what the law should be
Term
why is the philosophy of law important?
Definition
philosophy of law is a method of making sure power is justified.
"what makes us free is our laws" — Sicero
Term
why is freedom is normative?
Definition
Freedom is normative because there are no chains on us that shouldn't be there and we have a rightful freedom to do certain things (arguably natural rights).
Term
what is a mindset?
Definition
mindsets are stances or perspectives from which to approach every aspect of your life/mind.
Term
what are the 8 mindsets?
Definition
identify, concretize, make the case, integrate ideas, essentialize, cross-examine, question, introspect
Term
identify
Definition
define your terms to find out what exactly is meant by a term or phrase. understand the salient terms
Hint: think about a contrasting case… "i mean this and not that"
Term
concretize
Definition
give concrete examples of the concept you're talking about that are perceivable… so this is important in philosophical discussions
Term
make the case
Definition
give the argument for the thesis you're presenting by explaining why your audience (either yourself or others) should agree with you
Term
integrate ideas
Definition
put two and two together and draw relationships between concepts in order to help you figure out what material can go and what needs to stay so this relationship can exist.
Term
essentialize
Definition
sift through the information to discover the central point and thus be able to identify what is essential to the author's central point and what is peripheral information
Term
cross examine
Definition
scrutinize a case by interrogating and challenging what has been presented to see if there is truth in it
Term
question
Definition
make an effort to focus your mind by asking questions about what you're taking in.
ex- big picture or focused? are the ideas cohesive or incompatible with one another?
Term
introspect
Definition
take a step back and evaluate whether your inclinations on issues are validated or acknowledge that there might be a something pushing you in one direction or the other on the subject that is not logical so that you can be more objective on the issue.
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