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| The complex structure of offices, tasks, rules, and principles of organization that are employed by all large-scale institutions to coordinate effectively the work of their personnel. |
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| the efforts of departments and agencies to translate laws into specific bureaucratic rules and actions |
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| the largest subunit of the executive branch. The secretaries of the 15 departments form the Cabinet |
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| a policy to remove a program from one level of government by delegating it or passing it down to a lower level of government, such as from the national government to the state and local governments |
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| a system of 12 Federal Reserve banks that facilitates exchanges of cash, checks, and credit; regulates member banks; and uses monetary policies to fight inflation and deflation |
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| the government's use of taxing, monetary, and spending powers to manipulate the economy |
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| government agency that performs a service normally provided by the private sector |
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| agency that is not part of a cabinet department |
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| the stable, cooperative relationships that often develop among a congressional committee, an administrative agency, and one or more supportive interest groups. Not all of these relationships are triangular, but the iron triangle is the most typical |
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| a product of civil service reform, in which appointees to positions in public bureaucracies must objectively be deemed qualified for those positions |
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| the effort by Congress, through hearings, investigations, and other techniques, to exercise control over the activities of executive agencies |
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| the transfer of all or part of a program from the public sector to the private sector |
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| a department, bureau, or independent agency whose primary mission is to impose limits, restrictions, or other obligations on the conduct of individuals or companies in the private sector |
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| an agency responsible for collecting taxes. Examples include the Internal Revenue Service for income taxes, the U.S. Customs Service for tariffs and other taxes on imported goods, and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives for collection of taxes on the sales of those particular products |
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